Theorizing Masculinity With/In the Media

Hanke, Robert

doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.1998.tb00217.x

Cited by 67 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…By and large, they conclude that the majority of mainstream media texts perpetuate dominant ideologies of gender (Donald, 1992;Hanke, 1998;Strate, 1992). However, such approaches have been challenged by theorists who claim that, rather than presenting an ideologically coherent view of masculinity, the mainstream media are increasingly involved in contemporary society's 'troubling' or problematisation of masculinity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A ‘Manual on Masculinity’? The Consumption and Use of Mediated Images of Masculinity among Teenage Boys in Ireland

Ging

2005

Irish Journal of Sociology

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Most of the research on masculinity in Ireland stresses the influences of family, work and education in the construction of gender (Ferguson, 1998;Ferguson and Synott, 1995;Ferguson and Reynolds, 2001;McKeown et al., 1998, Owens, 2000. Although the impact of the entertainment media is regularly alluded to, there is a dearth of empirical work in this area. While it is generally agreed that mediated images play a highly influential role in young people's lives, both the nature and the scope of this influence remain unclear in the absence of concrete ethnographies of reception. This paper discusses the findings of a quantitative and qualitative investigation into Irish male teenagers' consumption and reception of a broad range of media texts and discusses these findings in relation to the relevant literature. It points to the shortcomings of both 'hypodermic needle' theories, which claim direct media influence, and of some active audience theories, which posit consumers as impervious to ideological influence. Contrary to popular discourses which frame the media as an autonomous, regressive force that lags behind a more progressive reality, the findings presented here suggest that mediated fictions are part of wider 'gender scripts' (Nixon, 1996) that both inform and are informed by the social structures within which (male) viewers are immersed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A ‘Manual on Masculinity’? The Consumption and Use of Mediated Images of Masculinity among Teenage Boys in Ireland

Ging

2005

Irish Journal of Sociology

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“…It is increasingly encouraged by those working within the field of mass communication studies (e.g. Fejes 1992, Hanke 1998, Watkins and Emerson 2000. Fine-grained qualitative analysis offers another example.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He remains complicit with the hegemonic project. Although he adopts some outwardly feminine practices, he does little to challenge existing relations of gender inequality, and may even embody a strategy through which these are maintained in the face of challenge (Donaldson 1993, Hanke 1998. Future research might usefully explore in greater detail the degree to which media contribute toward the representation of black men as being aggressive as well as emotionally or socially remote.…”

Section: Agementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include: what function do media perform in defining masculinity; how are men's relationships to other men represented; what function do media perform in reinforcing men's dominance and power; how do men respond to mediated representations of masculinity; how do men actively interpret these; and what effect do they have, specifically in relation to identity, subjectivity and experience (Craig 1992a, Hanke 1998 March, 2012March, , available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/ 10.1080March, /09589236.2012 A selective review of research in the field includes, for example, Conekin's (2000) work that credits Playboy magazine as contributing to the construction of a particular version of masculinity in the United States during the early 1950s and 1960s; Boni's (2002) study that similarly attempts to explain the recent and growing popularity of men's lifestyle magazines through an analysis of the Italian edition of Men's Health;and Hodgetts and Chamberlain's (2002) research that explores how men construct their understanding of health through media representations. Social constructionist emphasis on audience interpretation illustrates, in particular, its divergence from the sex role perspective.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Representation of masculinities and race in South African television advertising: a content analysis

Luyt

2012

Journal of Gender Studies

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This paper examines how masculinities and race are co-constructed in South African television advertising. A sample of 5803 advertisements was collected that included 876 primary visual male actors. These were coded and analysed by means of traditional content analysis. A coding scheme was developed which was partly based on existing research. Coding categories included advertisement setting and products; race, social class, age and portrayal of primary visual actor; as well as sexuality, toughness, independence, status, responsibility and homophobia norms of traditional masculinity as related to the primary visual male actor. Hypotheses predicted that men would be represented significantly differently in television advertisements depending upon their race. These differences in representation reflect an intersection between traditional gender and race relations in South Africa that are marked by longstanding inequalities. The findings largely supported these hypotheses. White men are represented as exemplars of hegemonic masculinity whilst black men are marginalised. It is argued that these representations serve to maintain hierarchical social relations between men in South Africa. This study provides a foundation upon which further work may be undertaken. Avenues for future research are outlined.Keywords: masculinity; masculinities; race; representation; South Africa; television advertising This paper seeks to examine how masculinities are represented in South African (SA) television advertising. It is anticipated that men are represented differently in television advertisements depending upon their race. These differences reflect an intersection between traditional gender and race relations in society.1 Few studies consider how media representations of gender intersect with other social categories (e.g. Coltrane and Messineo 2000). Likewise a limited number of studies examine gender (e.g. SpencerBowdage 2002, Milner 2005) or race (e.g. Milner 2007) representation in SA television advertising. The current study attempts to address this gap in the literature. A content analysis of SA television advertising provides a useful means through which to examine the co-construction of masculinities and race at a regional or national level.Both Gender and race relations in SA have traditionally been marked by extreme inequality. Gender inequality is evident through measures such as the Gender-Related Development Index (GDI), which ranks SA 109th worldwide in terms of gender equalitarianism (United Nations Development Programme 2009), but is also apparent in literature testifying to traditionalist gender attitudes (Kalichman et al., 2005, Luyt 2005 and discourses (Luyt 2003, Reddy andDunne 2007). Burns (1998) observes how the imported colonial as well as the indigenous African gender systems have served to reinforce and naturalise traditional gender relations in the country.Similarly race inequality is obvious through measures such as the Human Development Index (HDI) where large inter-group differences appear. The whit...

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“…Based on this premise, we understand hegemonic masculinity as a form of masculine character that has been culturally idealized, a pattern of masculinity celebrated and exalted by role models (Carrigan, Connell & Lee, 1985;Connell, 1990). A particular model of masculinity is thus constructed in the field of common sense, defining what it means to be a man (Hanke, 1998) and turning the "normative" into the "normal" (Kimmel, 1993). The main patterns of contemporary hegemonic masculinity evolve around the subordination of women, the marginalization of gay men, and an association of masculinity with being tough and competitive (Connell, 1990).…”

Section: Hegemonic Masculinity and Its Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portrayals of Caring Masculinities in Fiction Film: The Male Caregiver in Still Mine, Intouchables and Nebraska.

Araüna

Tortajada

Willem

2018

mcs

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This article analyzes the male caregiving characters Driss in Intouchables (2011), Craig in Still Mine (2012) and David in Nebraska (2013) in terms of hegemonic masculinity and its variations (Connell 1990; Connell and Messerschmidt 2005). Caregiving is a complex social situation normally assumed within kinship relationships, and traditionally attributed to women. We briefly review feminist analysis of caregiving since the 1970s (Fine and Glendinning 2005), and use critical studies on men and masculinities to show that the uptaking of caring tasks by men would and is contributing to equality between women and men (Elliott 2015). We have looked at the portrayal of the male caregivers in these films, and if and how they challenge hegemonic masculinity in terms of positive experiences. Our findings show that despite the tension men experience between giving in to and challenging patriarchal privilege of a care-free life, strategies such as humour, complicity, outdoor action and a general concern for the dignity of the care-receiver can be identified as some of these features of (imagined) caring masculinities and open new spaces for defining care as a gender neutral activity.

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Theorizing Masculinity With/In the Media

Cited by 67 publications

References 24 publications

A ‘Manual on Masculinity’? The Consumption and Use of Mediated Images of Masculinity among Teenage Boys in Ireland

A ‘Manual on Masculinity’? The Consumption and Use of Mediated Images of Masculinity among Teenage Boys in Ireland

Representation of masculinities and race in South African television advertising: a content analysis

Portrayals of Caring Masculinities in Fiction Film: The Male Caregiver in Still Mine, Intouchables and Nebraska.

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