Theory and explanation in demography: The case of low fertility in Europe

Graham, Elspeth

doi:10.1080/00324728.2021.1971742

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…These individuals may have different motivations for the quick transition to parenthood and the theoretical role that employment plays in such cases is not entirely clear. I renew calls (e.g., (Graham, 2021;Lappegård, 2020)) to consider social stratification when studying the association of employment uncertainty on fertility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Type of Employment Uncertainty Matters When Becoming a Parent? An Analysis by Educational Attainment in the United Kingdom

Buh¹

2022

VID

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Multiple studies find that employment uncertainty has a negative association with the timing of first birth. However, there is significant debate about how to conceptualise and measure employment uncertainty-as contemporaneous objective measures, subjective perceptions, or early-career employment instability. Sex and education appear to determine which measures associate with delays in first birth timing. This study aims to empirically examine the influence of various employment uncertainty measures on individual timing of first birth by including social stratification and considering the relieving influences of partnership. It uses event history analysis starting three years after the end of formal education to examine how employment uncertainty is associated with the timing of first birth, differentiated by education. It employs data from the United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study 2009-2020. The results indicate that employment uncertainty has a particularly negative association with timing of first birth among low educated individuals. For medium and high educated individuals, much of the significance disappears when adding partnership, but largely remains for low educated individuals. Contemporaneous objective measures like being employed at the time of interview accelerates the timing of first birth for women, while part-time work delays it for men. Low educated women who report that they are likely to lose their job in the next twelve months have an increased likelihood of first birth. Early-career joblessness appears to only delay first birth for low educated individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Type of Employment Uncertainty Matters When Becoming a Parent? An Analysis by Educational Attainment in the United Kingdom

Buh¹

2022

VID

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“…But nonetheless a lot of the people who do that work are still very aware of these other places, they are aware of context, they are aware of politics, but nonetheless they are unwilling, if you like, completely to dismantle something like the ‘demographic transition model’ (e.g., Agyei‐Mensah, 2006; Gould & Brown, 1996; Reher, 2001, 2004; Walford & Kurek, 2016). Which is where Elspeth Graham's critiques are so good: I mean there's an early one that's in the journal (Graham, 2000)—and then there's a more recent one, a chapter she calls ‘Demographies’ (Graham, 2014; also Graham, 2021)—which is really good and effectively it's a postcolonial critique querying Eurocentricism or Global‐Northism: it's all about [whispering], “you know, we need demograph ies in the plural,” and not just project one singular model of demographic transition ‘from here’ to everywhere else.…”

Section: Interviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Talking population geographies and a ‘love letter’ to the journal

Botterill,

Philo

2023

Population Space and Place

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Various significant anniversaries for population geography as a recognisable subdiscipline fall round about now, in 2023, serving as fitting prompts for reflecting upon its character, history and possible futures. This paper offers such a reflection, taking an interview transcript between the two authors as its basis, the format here offering a directness of address not always possible in standard academic papers. Arguments are advanced about widening the focus of the subdiscipline, centring on the complexity of what is taken to constitute a ‘population’ and its ‘demographics’—asking about who and what is being counted, how and why—and considering the many ways in which matters of geography, space and place enter into the ‘biopolitics’ of life and death, nurturance and eradication, survival and abandonment, inclusion and exclusion. Concurrently, claims are made about the value of being outward‐looking, drawing on diverse philosophies, theories, literatures and insights only fleetingly represented in the subdiscipline to date. More specifically, the paper is rooted in one author's intensive use of the present journal, Population, Space and Place, for undergraduate teaching, with commentary and scholarly endnotes (cross‐referencing past contributions to the journal) demonstrating the journal generative role in the past, present and future of population geography.

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“…At the micro level, the emphasis is on individuals’ fertility behavior and how it is formed [ 10 ]. Interest in micro level research has increased in recent decades, and psychology and behavioral sciences are major disciplines that fuel this paradigm shift [ 9 ]. In this regard, the theory of planned behavior (TPB), “one of the most applied theories in the social and behavioral sciences,” [ 11 ] continues to offer an empirical framework in the field of fertility research [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immediate Antecedents of Intentions for Having Children in Southeast Iranian Women

Ghasemi,

Safizadeh,

Khajeh

et al. 2023

Korean J Fam Med

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Background: Over the last decade, Iran has experienced a declining birth trend. Identifying the proximate determinants of fertility intentions among married women is informative for population studies. This study aimed to examine the importance of three immediate antecedents of fertility intention.Methods: We invited 1,100 married women to complete a well-validated questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The sampling framework consisted of visitors attending hospitals in two cities in southeastern Iran. Intention for having children was measured using the item “Do you intend to have a/another child during the next 3 years?” Attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were measured using eight, three, and three items, respectively. Structural equation modeling was used to specify the model and to test the predictive ability of the TPB constructs.Results: The response rate was 90.7% (N=998), and the mean±standard deviation age of the respondents was 34.8±7.4 years. More than 50% of the respondents reported intending to have a child in the next 3 years. All three TPB model constructs showed significant associations with fertility intentions. The standardized beta coefficients for attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were 0.74, 0.41, and 0.55, respectively.Conclusion: The TPB model showed that psychological mechanisms play an important role in predicting the childbearing intentions of married women in Iran. Of the three TPB constructs, attitude was the strongest predictor of the intention to have a child.

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Theory and explanation in demography: The case of low fertility in Europe

Cited by 10 publications

References 119 publications

Which Type of Employment Uncertainty Matters When Becoming a Parent? An Analysis by Educational Attainment in the United Kingdom

Which Type of Employment Uncertainty Matters When Becoming a Parent? An Analysis by Educational Attainment in the United Kingdom

Talking population geographies and a ‘love letter’ to the journal

Immediate Antecedents of Intentions for Having Children in Southeast Iranian Women

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