Theory and measurements for predicting stressed fiber lifetime

Kapron, Felix P.; Yuce, Hakan H.

doi:10.1117/12.55869

Cited by 36 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…It should be noted that in actuality, the fatigue parameters are not independent ofenvironment and zero stress aging is believed to occur. However, through the selection of "worst-case" values for these parameters, the prediction model will provide adequate results [4].…”

Section: Effect Of Strain Reduction On Predicted Fiber Lifetimementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the variables L and F are to be held constant for this analysis. Through the use of differential calculus, it can easily be shown that dt1 dc (4) tf where n can be either the dynamic or static fatigue n-factor.…”

Section: Effect Of Strain Reduction On Predicted Fiber Lifetimementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To analyze the effect ofthis stress reduction on the predicted lifetime of an optical fiber, a statisticallybased optical fiber lifetime prediction model developed by Kapron and Yuce will be utilized [4].…”

Section: Effect Of Strain Reduction On Predicted Fiber Lifetimementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

<title>Experimental verification of embedded optical fiber data bus survivability enhancement using optical fiber sensors</title>

Poland¹,

Miller²,

May

et al. 1994

SPIE Proceedings

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Inherent immuiuty to electromagnetic interference, light weight, and high data capacity, make optically based control systems attractive candidates to replace their electronic counterparts in many mobile platform applications. Additionally, size differences between optical fibers and metal conductors afford optical fiber data busses a reduced probability of sustaining a direct hit from ballistic or maintenance induced impacts. Drawing on techniques used in smart structure technology, this size reduction can be exploited by integrating the optical data bus with the airframe structure to achieve enhanced protection from external stresses. However, due to the brittle nature ofoptical fibers, a near impact of extreme thermal stresses may be more likely to induce catastrophic damage to an optical data bus. We demonstrate a technique which reduces the static and dynamic induced strain transferred to a structurally integrated optical fiber. Experimental data will show that this method eliminates nearly all fiber strain due to static loading, and greatly reduces the induced strain from a ballistic impact. Also, the effects ofthis stress reduction on the predicted lifetime ofan optical fiber will be investigated. The analysis will show that relatively small reductions in a constant stress, applied to an optical fiber, results in sizable increases in the predicted lifetime ofthe optical fiber.

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Section: Effect Of Strain Reduction On Predicted Fiber Lifetimementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Strain Reduction On Predicted Fiber Lifetimementioning

confidence: 99%

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<title>Experimental verification of embedded optical fiber data bus survivability enhancement using optical fiber sensors</title>

Poland¹,

Miller²,

May

et al. 1994

SPIE Proceedings

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“…For most athermal packages designs, the FBG is packaged with approximately 100g of strain . As this load must be maintained over the 25 year lifetime of the device, fibre strength and drift in centre wavelength of the filter due to creep in the bonding material needs to be carefully considered [4].…”

Section: Fibre Bonding Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Packaging of optical Fibre Bragg Gratings

Psaila¹,

Inglis²

2001 Proceedings. 51st Electronic Components and Technology Conference (Cat. No.01CH37220)

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Fibre Bragg Gratings (FBGs) are all-fibre optical filters with applications in sensing and telecommunication systems. The packaging of FBGs offers many challenges to the manufacturer as stringent tolerances for wavelength stability of the filter over widely varying environmental operating conditions are required for state of the art Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) telecommunication systems. This paper presents various processes and packaging techniques that have been developed for FBGs in order to meet these requirements.

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“…The stress corrosion of silica glass is described by a power law: -= AK" where -is the crack growth, A is a material parameter for the speed of crack growth and ti dt dr is the corrosion susceptibility. The lifetime equation in terms of parameters which can be experimentally extracted by dynamic fatigue tests is given by [5] ah du where L(, is the length on which Weibull parameters are defined, L is thc fiber service length, o ,~ is the applied stress, F is the failure probability, ni is the Weibull shape constant for inert strength distribution, and 17 is the corrosion susceptibility. The n-value and O, (1) arc detcrmincd experimentally from Wcibull plots for different stress rates IS].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High mechanical resistant fiber Bragg gratings fabricated by CW UV laser irradiation

Varelas

Costantini²,

Limberger³

et al.

Conference Proceedings. LEOS '97. 10th Annual Meeting IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society 1997 Annual Meeting

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The issue of mechanical resistance of optical fibers ii-radiated by UV lascr sources has been recently reported 11 -41. An important mechanical degradation as expressed by the decrease of median breaking strength and the widening of the Weibull distribution has been observed after homogenous irradiation by pulsed laser sources [ 1-31. In contrary, CW UV lase!-irradiation showed considerably better results exhibiting median breaking strengths and m-values very close to that of pristine fiber 141. The effect has an important impact on the fabrication of all-fiber filters such as Bragg and long period gratings. In this paper we report the fabrication of high mechanical resistant Bragg gratings using a CW frequency doubled Ar+ laser.Bragg gratings were fabricated in a 22% mol GeO, fiber using a phase mask with a period of 1.045 pm and zero order of 2%. The dimension of the beam hitting the fiber perpendicularly to the fiber axis was 8 mm x 140 mm covering its whole diameter and the beam intensity was 1.25 W/cm'. Transmission spectra of the gratings were acquired using a tunable laser and an InGaAs PIN photodiode providing a resolution of 10 pin. Three different groups of I5 identical gratings underwent tension tests: The first group was highly reflective (-99%) fabricated in a hydrogenated fiber with a total irradiation dose of 75 J/cm2. The second one was fabricated using the same irradiation dose in a non hydrogenated fiber resulting in a grating reflectivity of R-20%. The third group consisted of R-50% gratings fabricated in a non hydrogenated fiber using a total dose of 680 J/cm2. The length of all gratings was 8 " .The gratings spectral characteristics are shown in Fig. I . Fig. 2 shows Weibull plots resulting from tension tests of all three grating groups where the pristine fibre is given as a reference. To ensure that any possible mechanical degradation is only due to laser irradiation the acrylate fiber coating was stripped off before irradiation by chemical stripping (H2SO4) [ 11. The Weibull plots exhibit almost no influence due to CW irradiation in terms of median breaking strength compared with the pristine fiber mechanicdl performance. In all cases median breaking strengths higher than 5 GPa and m-values of around 60 have been achieved. Hydrogenation doesn't seem to influence the fiber mechanical resistance as shown by the performance of grating 2. The median breaking strengths and the m-values extracted from Fig. 2 are summarised in table I.Several models have been reported in literature 15-71 predicting lifetime of optical fibers under tension. The basic assumption in all of them is that stress concentration at crack tips created on the fiber surface during the fiber fabrication process cause fracture at stress levels lower than the stress resulted by S i 0 tetrahedral bonds. The stress corrosion of silica glass is described by a power law: -= AK" where -is the crack growth, A is a material parameter for the speed of crack growth and ti dt dr is the corrosion susceptibility. The lifetime equation in te...

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Theory and measurements for predicting stressed fiber lifetime

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

<title>Experimental verification of embedded optical fiber data bus survivability enhancement using optical fiber sensors</title>

<title>Experimental verification of embedded optical fiber data bus survivability enhancement using optical fiber sensors</title>

Packaging of optical Fibre Bragg Gratings

High mechanical resistant fiber Bragg gratings fabricated by CW UV laser irradiation

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