Theory Experiment Comparison of the Electron Backscattering Factor from Solids at Low Electron Energy (250–5,000 eV)

Gomati, M. M. El; Walker, Christopher; Assa’d, Ahmad M. D.; Zadražil, M.

doi:10.1002/sca.20091

Cited by 73 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This article is a continuation of the work reported in a companion paper (El-Gomati et al (2008)). We should like to point out that the title of this companion paper and at various locations within that paper the term ''backscattering factor'' is used erroneously instead of the correct term ''backscattering coefficient.''…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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The secondary electron emission yield for 24 solid elements excited by primary electrons in the range 250–5000 ev: a theory/experiment comparison

et al. 2008

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The secondary electron (SE) yield, delta, was measured from 24 different elements at low primary beam energy (250-5,000 eV). Surface contamination affects the intensity of delta but not its variation with primary electron energy. The experiments suggest that the mean free path of SEs varies across the d bands of transition metals in agreement with theory. Monte Carlo simulations suggest that surface plasmons may need to be included for improved agreement with experiment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The experiment has already been described in the companion paper (El-Gomati et al (2008)) and can also be found in the theses by Assa'd (1995) and Zadrazil (2002). We direct the reader who wishes to know more about the experimental procedure to these works.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

The secondary electron emission yield for 24 solid elements excited by primary electrons in the range 250–5000 ev: a theory/experiment comparison

et al. 2008

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“…Backscattering simulations are compared with several experimental measurements. [54][55][56][57][58] In order to provide a fair comparison to experimental data, experimental results are only used when the backscattering coefficient measurement covers close to half or all the possible backscattering solid angle. Two curves are shown for each physics model, the first considering backscattered electrons with energies above 50 eV and the next considering those above 125 eV, as the thresholds from the experiment vary between 50-120 eV.…”

Section: Validation Of the New Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An implementation of discrete electron transport models for gold in the Geant4 simulation toolkit

Sakata

Incerti

Bordage

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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Gold nanoparticle (GNP) boosted radiation therapy can enhance the biological effectiveness of radiation treatments by increasing the quantity of direct and indirect radiation-induced cellular damage. As the physical effects of GNP boosted radiotherapy occur across energy scales that descend down to 10 eV, Monte Carlo simulations require discrete physics models down to these very low energies in order to avoid underestimating the absorbed dose and secondary particle generation. Discrete physics models for electron transportation down to 10 eV have been implemented within the Geant4-DNA low energy extension of Geant4. Such models allow the investigation of GNP effects at the nanoscale. At low energies, the new models have better agreement with experimental data on the backscattering coefficient, and they show similar performance for transmission coefficient data as the Livermore and Penelope models already implemented in Geant4. These new models are applicable in simulations focussed towards estimating the relative biological effectiveness of radiation in GNP boosted radiotherapy applications with photon and electron radiation sources. Gold nanoparticle (GNP) boosted radiation therapy can enhance the biological effectiveness of radiation treatments by increasing the quantity of direct and indirect radiation-induced cellular damage. As the physical effects of GNP boosted radiotherapy occur across energy scales that descend down to 10 eV, Monte Carlo simulations require discrete physics models down to these very low energies in order to avoid underestimating the absorbed dose and secondary particle generation. Discrete physics models for electron transportation down to 10 eV have been implemented within the Geant4-DNA low energy extension of Geant4. Such models allow the investigation of GNP effects at the nanoscale. At low energies, the new models have better agreement with experimental data on the backscattering coefficient, and they show similar performance for transmission coefficient data as the Livermore and Penelope models already implemented in Geant4. These new models are applicable in simulations focussed towards estimating the relative biological effectiveness of radiation in GNP boosted radiotherapy applications with photon and electron radiation sources. Published by AIP Publishing. [http://dx

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“…The results are shown in Fig. 8 along with the measurements of El Gomati et al [31] for Pt. The graph includes also the parameterization of Dapor [32], valid up to 6.7 keV and normal incidence:…”

Section: Backscattering Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 59%

Secondary Electron Emission of Pt: Experimental Study and Comparison With Models in the Multipactor Energy Range

Bronchalo

Coves

Boria

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Electron Devices

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Abstract-Experimental data of secondary emission yield (SEY) and electron emission spectra of Pt under electron irradiation for normal incidence and primary energies lower than 1 keV are presented. Several relevant magnitudes, as total SEY, elastic backscattering probability, secondary emission spectrum (SES) and backscattering coefficient, are given for different primary energies. These magnitudes are compared with theoretical or semiempirical formulas commonly used in the related literature.

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Theory Experiment Comparison of the Electron Backscattering Factor from Solids at Low Electron Energy (250–5,000 eV)

Cited by 73 publications

References 29 publications

The secondary electron emission yield for 24 solid elements excited by primary electrons in the range 250–5000 ev: a theory/experiment comparison

The secondary electron emission yield for 24 solid elements excited by primary electrons in the range 250–5000 ev: a theory/experiment comparison

An implementation of discrete electron transport models for gold in the Geant4 simulation toolkit

Secondary Electron Emission of Pt: Experimental Study and Comparison With Models in the Multipactor Energy Range

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