Theory for Deadend Microfiltration

Davis, Robert H.; Grant, Donald C.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-3548-5_32

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This hematocrit dependence can be explained by the fact that retained blood cells form a cake layer on the filter membrane that increases the flow resistance of blood plasma. A high hematocrit leads to a more rapid increase in flow resistance in the filter membrane and can even lead to complete clogging of the membrane . Blood with higher hematocrit tends to have a higher viscosity in comparison to blood with lower hematocrit, which can lead to a higher flow resistance within a porous matrix such as a filter membrane .…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high hematocrit leads to a more rapid increase in flow resistance in the filter membrane and can even lead to complete clogging of the membrane. 25 Blood with higher hematocrit tends to have a higher viscosity in comparison to blood with lower hematocrit, which can lead to a higher flow resistance within a porous matrix such as a filter membrane. 26 These hct-dependent plasma extraction kinetics allow qualitative assessment of the relative contribution of clogging to the slowdown of the plasma filtration rate, since the hydrodynamic friction in the channel is the same for all devices.…”

Section: Analytical Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Yield Passive Plasma Filtration from Human Finger Prick Blood

et al. 2018

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Whole-blood microsampling provides many benefits such as remote, patient-centric, and minimally invasive sampling. However, blood plasma, and not whole blood, is the prevailing matrix in clinical laboratory investigations. The challenge with plasma microsampling is to extract plasma volumes large enough to reliably detect low-concentration analytes from a small finger prick sample. Here we introduce a passive plasma filtration device that provides a high extraction yield of 65%, filtering 18 μL of plasma from 50 μL of undiluted human whole blood (hematocrit 45%) within less than 10 min. The enabling design element is a wedge-shaped connection between the blood filter and the hydrophilic bottom surface of a capillary channel. Using finger prick and venous blood samples from more than 10 healthy volunteers, we examined the filtration kinetics of the device over a hematocrit range of 35−55% and showed that 73 ± 8% of the total protein content was successfully recovered after filtration. The presented plasma filtration device tackles a major challenge toward patient-centric blood microsampling by providing highyield plasma filtration, potentially allowing reliable detection of low-concentration analytes from a blood microsample.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analytical Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Yield Passive Plasma Filtration from Human Finger Prick Blood

et al. 2018

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“…Interpretation of the results presented in this study requires some presentation of microfiltration’s fundamental principles; more complex concepts and additional background knowledge are available on the topic. ,,, A pressurized fluid stream (the feed stream) is tangentially passed across an active filtration surface in a conventional cross-flow microfiltration process. Since microfiltration is a size exclusion process in which the driving force is transmembrane pressure, a small fraction of the feed stream successfully passes through the filtration media (the permeate).…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Filter-aids, which are typically composed of silicates, can help reduce fouling resistance mechanisms by changing the filter cake’s rheological properties. This can include the cake porosity and cake compressibility. ,, A typical example of a filter-aid that has been previously discussed for MF and UF is diatomaceous earth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of Fouling Remediation Strategies for Cross-Flow Microfiltration of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil

Mazerolle

Bronson

Kruczek

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Cross-flow microfiltration of fast pyrolysis bio-oil is a physical treatment pathway capable of reducing the filtered product's solids content to acceptable levels for fuel utilization and/or upgrading. However, the overall throughput of the process is hindered by the fouling that occurs on and/or within the filtration media over short operating periods. To improve the throughput from fast pyrolysis bio-oil cross-flow microfiltration, the use of offline and on-line cleaning techniques were experimentally evaluated. On-line cleaning strategies using permeate, solvent, and compressed air confirmed the reversibility of the accumulated fouling layer over a small (<10) number of cleaning cycles. The use of compressed air as a simple on-line cleaning strategy was further examined over extended operating times, including a total of 31 consecutive backflushing cycles. Compared to the reference case (no cleaning), on-line compressed air backflushing increased the overall throughput of low solids permeates by more than 100%. Ultimately, the demonstration of an on-line fouling remediation strategy for fast pyrolysis bio-oil cross-flow microfiltration increases the likelihood that it could be a viable treatment pathway for suspended solids and/or ash removal in pyrolysis liquids before end-use and/or upgrading of the biofuel.

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“…For cake filtration a comparable approach is used. The equation for the flux during dead-end microfiltration with a constant pressure drop is (Davis & Grant, 1992):…”

Section: Filtration Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%