Theory in Rural Development: An Introduction and Overview

Ward, William A.; Hite, James C.

doi:10.1111/0017-4815.00086

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The amount of physical and infrastructural resources in a city are a function of the quantity of money and credit resources at hand on the part of the city to invest in this aspect of local economic development (Wong 2002). Physical and infrastructural investments are defined as reducing the ''cost of economically rational trading carried out among and between individual economic agents'' (Ward and Hite, 1998;p. 249).…”

Section: Physical and Infrastructural Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migrants, markets and multinationals: competition among world cities for the highly skilled

Ewers

2007

GeoJournal

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Urban areas compete with one another for people, goods, capital, ideas and other inputs of economic activity. Under the rubric of globalization, instead of only maintaining or improving the initial stock of assets in a city, the power of a place to attract outside flows of economic activity from elsewhere is increasingly important to economic development. Similarly, global or world cities are characterized as the command and control points through which these global economic flows operate. In response to the heightened mobility of highly-skilled labor across national borders, research has begun to examine the role of international human capital as an economic flow. This paper will examine the role of places in determining where the highly-skilled go in the global economy by viewing global city command and control functions as requiring unique labor flows. By reviewing the evidence found in the literature, we can better understand the potential for urban areas to compete for highly-skilled labor in the global economy. Known indicators of place attractiveness are assessed to examine the relationship between the economic trajectories of cities and their labor requirements. Cities are situated between firms and states as the key place-based actors which influence the mobility of highly-skilled labor. Finally, the paper also examines measurement issues and methodological problems in creating indices of world cities as well as explores possibilities for new research.

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Section: Physical and Infrastructural Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migrants, markets and multinationals: competition among world cities for the highly skilled

Ewers

2007

GeoJournal

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“…Individual theories differ in terms of the characterisation of the principal actors and the mechanisms of regional development. In most cases, nothing like a commonly accepted paradigm on regional development exists (Ward and Hite 1998; Suchacek and Malinovsky 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complexity of Theories on Rural Development in Europe: An Analysis of the Paradigmatic Case of Almería (South‐east Spain)

Gómez¹,

Aznar-Sánchez²,

Mesa³

2010

Sociologia Ruralis

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In recent decades several theories on rural development have been expounded in an attempt to explain some experiences of regional economic growth or to provide recommendations on rural development policies. The objective of this article is to revise this open debate and attempt to introduce more concerns about the delimitation of theories and the mosaic of rural areas in Europe. In this context the present article analyses the paradigmatic development of Almería (south-east Spain) based primarily on agriculture in a process categorised as an economic miracle. Some authors have attempted to explain this success by mechanisms associated with the endogenous development approach. Nevertheless, this study reveals that Almería's development experience can be categorised as a miscellaneous one, and a mixture of development approaches should therefore be considered as opposed to unidirectional models. This also shows the importance of keeping open the debate on the impact of agrarian activity on rural development.s oru_524 54..78

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“…Οη δξάζεηο γηα ηελ αλάπηπμε ησλ αγξνηηθψλ πεξηνρψλ απνζθνπνχλ θπξίσο ζηελ θνηλσληθή θαη νηθνλνκηθή αλάπηπμε ησλ πεξηνρψλ απηψλ θαη ζπλήζσο είλαη δξάζεηο «top down» απφ ηηο ηνπηθέο θαη ηηο πεξηθεξεηαθέο αξρέο, ηηο Με Κπβεξλεηηθέο Οξγαλψζεηο (NGOs), ηελ θεληξηθή θπβέξλεζε ή ηνπο δηεζλείο νξγαληζκνχο. Οη ηνπηθέο θνηλσλίεο κπνξνχλ, επίζεο, λα πξνβάινπλ δηάθνξεο πξσηνβνπιίεο αλάπηπμεο ηεο πεξηνρήο ηνπο (Ward and Hite, 1998).…”

Section: η αγποηική ανάπηςξηunclassified

“…Η αγξνηηθή αλάπηπμε έρεη, επίζεο, πνιπθιαδηθφ ραξαθηήξα (multisectoral concept), θαζψο αθνξά ζ' έλα επξχ θάζκα ζεκάησλ δηαθφξσλ ηνκέσλ, φπσο δεκνγξαθηθψλ, νηθνλνκηθψλ, θνηλσληθψλ θαη πεξηβαιινληηθψλ. Έρεη, φκσο, θαη δπλακηθφ ραξαθηήξα, επεηδή ζρεηίδεηαη κε κέζν-θαη καθξνπξφζεζκεο αιιαγέο θαη πξνζαξκνγέο ηεο νηθνλνκίαο, ηεο ηερλνινγίαο, ηεο θνηλσλίαο θαη ηεο νηθνινγίαο, θαζψο είλαη ζηελά ζπλδεδεκέλε κε ηε βηψζηκε αλάπηπμε ησλ πεξηνρψλ ζηηο νπνίεο αλαθέξεηαη (Hopwood et al, 2005· Ward andHite, 1998).…”

Section: η αγποηική ανάπηςξηunclassified

Σχεδιασμός Υποδείγματος Μέτρησης Της Αγροτικής Ανάπτυξης Και Αξιολόγησης Της Επίδρασης Των Πολιτικών

Μπενάκη¹

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The original contribution of the present thesis is to implement, in aquantitative way, a “measure” of rural development at regional scale compared to ameasure of the environmental performances of the different areas of the country.Rural development is in theory and in practice a multidimensional andcomplex concept. The complexity of this phenomenon leads to limitations in theanalysis of its structural dimensions. The variables better describing these dimensionsshould be selected to effectively inform policies aimed at promoting rural areas with asustainable development perspective.The aim of the thesis is to develop a multidimensional model in order tomeasure the rural development using thematic indicators and a final, composite indexof rural development. The composite index integrates a large number of demographic,social, cultural and economic indicators that are key elements of rural development.The environmental sustainability of rural development in Greek prefectures (Nuts 3level) was assessed too by using thematic indicators of climate, soil, and vegetationquality (all of these are environmental dimensions directly linked to ruraldevelopment) and a composite index of land quality.Descriptive, correlation, and multivariate statistics were used for thedevelopment of the multidimensional approach measuring rural development.Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools were also used to derive the selectedenvironmental indicators from national cartographies and other sourcesThe results derived from the multidimensional analysis measuring ruraldevelopment compared with the selected environmental indicators depict a complexpicture of the Greek rural development at the prefecture level.According to the results, rural development policies should more effectivelyintegrate economic, social, institutional, political, cultural and environmental aspectsand peculiarity of each region.As a matter of fact, this contribution demonstrates how rural areas in Greecedo not follow a certain pattern but different patterns according to the specificsocioeconomic and environmental features of each area. The results also pointed out the traditional socioeconomic gaps in the rural geography of Greece as well as somerecent changes that have been observed especially in the most dynamic areas. At thesame time no significant development has been observed in rural areas where atraditional economic structure exists.Although agriculture plays an important role in rural areas, the traditionalagricultural model can no longer be considered to be sustainable in the long run andneeds to be replaced by more viable modes of production. On the other hand, it hasbeen found that socioeconomic drivers affect significantly the environmentalconditions possibly creating downward spirals determining land degradation and evendesertification risk in non-affluent, agricultural specialized areas.On the other hand, the results highlight the ability of the proposed model tosummarize and interpret a large amount of information in a composite measure,enabling the assessment of the economic performance of different rural areas ofGreece. Additionally, it identifies points of weaknesses and strengths of rural areas,and classifies them based on their environmental performance, prioritizing them andidentifying developing areas.The model can provide a simple and flexible tool informing rural developmentpolicies. Moreover, the proposed results highlight the possible relationship existingbetween rural development and environmental quality in order to indicate a regionalpath to sustainable development.These findings may apply not only to the case of Greece but also to othercountries similar to Greece as far as environmental conditions and rural landscape areconcerned, including Portugal, Spain and central/southern Italy.

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Theory in Rural Development: An Introduction and Overview

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Migrants, markets and multinationals: competition among world cities for the highly skilled

Migrants, markets and multinationals: competition among world cities for the highly skilled

The Complexity of Theories on Rural Development in Europe: An Analysis of the Paradigmatic Case of Almería (South‐east Spain)

Σχεδιασμός Υποδείγματος Μέτρησης Της Αγροτικής Ανάπτυξης Και Αξιολόγησης Της Επίδρασης Των Πολιτικών

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