Theory of dielectric nanofilms in strong ultrafast optical fields

Apalkov, Vadym; Stockman, Mark I.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.86.165118

Cited by 66 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…3(a). Its qualitative features are in sharp contrast with those of dielectrics 16,42 . First, the electron kinetics is dramatically irreversible: when the pulse is over, the CB populations does not return to zero staying at a high residual level N (res) CB which is close to the maximum CB population during the pulse, N (max) CB .…”

Section: A Conduction Band Populationmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The second, related feature is that there is a ∼ π/2 phase shift between N CB (t) and the electric field, F (t): the maximums of the conduction band population occur at zeros of the electric field. In contrast, for dielectrics, the CB population adiabatically follows the field, and their maximums coincide with a good accuracy 16,42 . Such irreversible electron dynamics takes place for all pulse amplitudes F 0 as Fig.…”

Section: A Conduction Band Populationmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Graphene in ultrafast and superstrong laser fields

2015

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For graphene interacting with a few-fs intense optical pulse, we predict unique and rich behavior dramatically different from three-dimensional solids. Quantum electron dynamics is shown to be coherent but highly non-adiabatic and effectively irreversible due to strong dephasing. Electron distribution in reciprocal space exhibits hot spots at the Dirac points and oscillations whose period is determined by non-locality of electron response and whose number is proportional to the field amplitude. The optical pulse causes net charge transfer in the plane pf graphene in the direction of the instantaneous field maximum at relatively low fields and in the opposite direction at high fields. These phenomena promise ultrafast optoelectronic applications with petahertz bandwidth.

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Section: A Conduction Band Populationmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: A Conduction Band Populationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Graphene in ultrafast and superstrong laser fields

2015

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“…These non-linear regimes are reached for strong laser pulses with intensities typically just below the damage threshold of the materials. Such interactions can give rise to (sub-optical-cycle) electron emission and acceleration from isolated nanotips [9,10] and nanospheres [11] and from nanostructured surfaces [12,13], the laser-field-driven semi-metallization of dielectrics [14,15] and metals [16], and can induce currents across nanoscale junctions [7]. In all these cases, the highest laser intensity that can be applied to the material depends on parameters such as material composition and quality and the pulse duration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical damage threshold of Au nanowires in strong femtosecond laser fields

Summers¹,

Ramm²,

Paneru³

et al. 2014

Opt. Express

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Ultrashort, intense light pulses permit the study of nanomaterials in the optical non-linear regime, potentially leading to optoelectronics that operate in the petahertz domain. These non-linear regimes are often present just below the damage threshold thus requiring the careful tuning of laser parameters to avoid the melting and disintegration of the materials. Detailed studies of the damage threshold of nanoscale materials are therefore needed. We present results on the damage threshold of Au nanowires when illuminated by intense femtosecond pulses. These nanowires were synthesized with the directed electrochemical nanowire assembly (DENA) process in two configurations: (1) free-standing Au nanowires on W electrodes and (2) Au nanowires attached to fused silica slides. In both cases the wires have a single-crystalline structure. For laser pulses with durations of 108 fs and 32 fs at 790 nm at a repetition rate of 2 kHz, we find that the free-standing nanowires melt at intensities close to 3 TW/cm 2 and 7.5 TW/cm 2 , respectively. The Au nanowires attached to silica slides melt at slightly higher intensities, just above 10 TW/cm 2 for 32 fs pulses. Our results can be explained with an electron-phonon interaction model that describes the absorbed laser energy and subsequent heat conduction across the wire. 4702-4705 (1995). 30. G. Easley, "Generation of nonequilibrium electron and lattice temperatures in copper by picosecond laser pulses," Phys. Rev. B 33, 2144-2145 (1986). 31. Z. Lin, L. Zhigilei, and V. Celli, "Electron-phonon coupling and electron heat capacity of metals under conditions of strong electron-phonon nonequilibrium," Phys. Rev. B 77, 075133 (2008). 32. S. I. Anisimov, B. Kapeliovich, and T. Perel'man, "Electron emission from metal surfaces exposed to ultrashort laser pulses," Sov. Phys. JETP 39, 375-377 (1975

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“…These effects are best understood in the basis of instantaneous eigenstates of the lengthgauge Hamiltonian, which are the Wannier-Stark states discussed at the end of section 1.2.1. Even though these results were obtained for nanofilms, similar effects may be expected in bulk solids [70], provided that the localization length of Wannier-Stark states does not exceed a few lattice sites, which is indeed the case for field strengths F L 1 V/Å. Using the Wannier-Stark states as a time-dependent basis, the interaction with an intense pulse can be analyzed in terms of adiabatic and diabatic transitions at avoided crossings.…”

Section: Adiabatic Metallizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast Control of Strong-Field Electron Dynamics in Solids

Yakovlev

Kruchinin

Paasch-Colberg

et al. 2015

Ultrafast Dynamics Driven by Intense Light Pulses

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We review theoretical foundations and some recent progress related to the quest of controlling the motion of charge carriers with intense laser pulses and optical waveforms. The tools and techniques of attosecond science enable detailed investigations of a relatively unexplored regime of nondestructive strong-field effects. Such extremely nonlinear effects may be utilized to steer electron motion with precisely controlled optical fields and switch electric currents at a rate that is far beyond the capabilities of conventional electronics. IntroductionIt has long been realized that intense few-cycle laser pulses provide unique conditions for exploring extremely nonlinear phenomena in solids [1,2], the key idea being that a sample can withstand a stronger electric field if the duration of the interaction is shortened. Ultimately, a single-cycle laser pulse provides the best conditions for studying nonperturbative strong-field effects, especially those where the properties of a sample change within a fraction of a laser cycle. The recent rapid development of the tools and techniques of attosecond science [3] not only creates new opportunities for detailed investigations of ultrafast electron dynamics in solids, but it also opens exciting opportunities for controlling electron motion in solids with unprecedented speed and accuracy. Conventional nonlinear phenomena that accompany the interaction of intense laser pulses with solids have already found a vast number of applications in spectroscopy, imaging, laser technology, transmitting and processing information [4]. It can be expected that the less conventional nonpertur-

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Theory of dielectric nanofilms in strong ultrafast optical fields

Cited by 66 publications

References 46 publications

Graphene in ultrafast and superstrong laser fields

Graphene in ultrafast and superstrong laser fields

Optical damage threshold of Au nanowires in strong femtosecond laser fields

Ultrafast Control of Strong-Field Electron Dynamics in Solids

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