Theory of mind and context processing in schizophrenia: The role of cognitive flexibility

Champagne-Lavau, Maud; Charest, Anick; Anselmo, Karyne; Rodriguez, Jean-Pierre; Blouin, Guy

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2012.06.011

Cited by 58 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…This hypothesis is difficult to prove, as both major depression and schizophrenia are essentially human diseases for which hardly any good animal models exist. But the link might lie in the fact that major depression and schizophrenia, as well as many types of dementia, are associated with reduced cognitive flexibility 64,65 . Persevering thoughts are typical and patients tend to abhor novelty.…”

Section: New Neurons and Affective Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

New neurons for 'survival of the fittest'

2012

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Adult neurogenesis is often considered an archaic trait that has undergone a 'phylogenetic reduction' from amphibian ancestors to humans. However, adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus might actually be a late-evolved trait. In non-mammals, adult hippocampal neurogenesis is not restricted to the equivalents of the dentate gyrus, which also show different connectivity and functionality compared to their mammalian counterpart. Moving actively in a changing world and dealing with novelty and complexity regulate adult neurogenesis. New neurons might thus provide the cognitive adaptability to conquer ecological niches rich with challenging stimuli.

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Section: New Neurons and Affective Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

New neurons for 'survival of the fittest'

2012

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“…Previous research has shown that patients with schizophrenia, as a group, have difficulties in irony comprehension [3, 25–29], but not all patients show a deficit [30, 31]. However, given the increasing interest in irony for social cognition training and assessment, more profound knowledge of the difficulties faced by patients with schizophrenia in irony comprehension seems worthwhile [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irony and Proverb Comprehension in Schizophrenia: Do Female Patients “Dislike” Ironic Remarks?

Rapp

Langohr

Mutschler

et al. 2014

Schizophrenia Research and Treatment

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Difficulties in understanding irony and sarcasm are part of the social cognition deficits in patients with schizophrenia. A number of studies have reported higher error rates during comprehension in patients with schizophrenia. However, the relationships of these impairments to schizotypal personality traits and other language deficits, such as the comprehension of proverbs, are unclear. We investigated irony and proverb comprehension in an all-female sample of 20 schizophrenia patients and 27 matched controls. Subjects indicated if a statement was intended to be ironic, literal, or meaningless and furthermore rated the meanness and funniness of the stimuli and certainty of their decision. Patients made significantly more errors than controls did. Globally, there were no overall differences in the ratings. However, patients rated the subgroup of stimuli with answers given incorrectly as having significantly less meanness and in case of an error indicated a significantly higher certainty than controls. Across all of the study participants, performances in irony (r = −0.51) and proverb (r = 0.56) comprehension were significantly correlated with schizotypal personality traits, suggesting a continuum of nonliteral language understanding. Because irony is so frequent in everyday conversations, this makes irony an especially promising candidate for social cognition training in schizophrenia.

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“…Participants were asked to read each of the 36 stories and then to answer a question about the speaker's intention ("What does X (the speaker) really mean?") and a control question about relevant contextual information needed to answer the first question (Champagne-Lavau et al, 2012). To characterize different profiles, a hierarchical cluster analysis (Ward's method) was undertaken according to RHD performance on the task assessing understanding of ironic intent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%