Theory of Mind impairment in focal versus generalized epilepsy

Morou, N.; Papaliagkas, Vassilis; Markouli, Eleni; Karagianni, Μaria; Nazlidou, Elena; Spilioti, Martha; Afrantou, Theodora; Kimiskidis, Vasilios Κ.; Foroglou, Nicolas; Kosmidis, Mary H.

doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.09.026

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, differences in SC among patients with focal epilepsies and generalized epilepsies are rarely examined. Similarly to the findings in our study, one report found no difference in empathy and ER tasks between TLE and GGE, and another presented post hoc results revealing worse performance among PWE with focal epilepsies as opposed to HC or patients with GGE [4,6]. Overall, no difference is found in facial emotion perception between the two epilepsy subgroups [6,[22][23][24].…”

Section: Relationships and Quality Of Lifesupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Measures of social cognition include tests of emotion recognition (ER) and the assessment of theory of mind (ToM), concepts that are closely related. While results concerning genetic generalized epilepsies (GGE) remain limited, certain deficits of ER and ToM are observed among PWE with temporal lobe (TLE) and extratemporal (ETE) epilepsies [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Social Cognition on the Real-Life of People with Epilepsy

2021

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Background. Previous research has demonstrated the impairment of social cognition (SC) in people with epilepsy. It is associated with worse social functioning and quality of life; however, the influence on real-life outcomes is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate how SC is associated with epilepsy variables and real-life outcomes (education, employment and relationships) among patients with epilepsy (PWE). Methods. Eighty-one PWE completed tasks of theory of mind (ToM) (faux pas recognition (FPRT) and Happé Strange Stories test (HST)) and emotion recognition (ER) (Reading of the Mind in the Eyes (RMET)). Variables reflecting their education, employment and relationship status were treated as endpoints in search of association with SC. Data from a matched group (n = 30) of healthy controls (HCs) were used for comparison of ToM abilities. Results. ToM scores were lower among PWE as compared to HCs (U = 1816.0, p < 0.0001 (HST), U = 1564.5, p = 0.020 (FPRT)). All SC tests were associated with the level of education (OR = 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09 to 1.36 (RMET), OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.40 (HST), OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.87 to 1.00 (FPRT)). The results of ToM and ER testing were not associated with employment (χ2 = 33.423, p < 0.0001) if adjusted for the level of education (B = 0.804, OR = 2.23 (95% CI = 1.33 to 3.76), p = 0.002). SC abilities did not differ between PWE who were single and those in a relationship (U = 858.5, p = 0.541 (HST)), t= −1.236, p = 0.220 (RMET), U = 909.5, p = 0.271 (FPRT)). Conclusion. Better social cognition skills are linked to a higher level of education among PWE. SC probably has less influence on professional achievements and interpersonal relationships.

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Section: Relationships and Quality Of Lifesupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Social Cognition on the Real-Life of People with Epilepsy

2021

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“…(197, 368)] and neurophysiological studies (369), and has been presented with illustrations to help control for working memory demand (370). Deficits in understanding faux pas can be found in epilepsy (especially temporal lobe epilepsy) (157, 159, 338, 371–376), substance misuse (377), Parkinson’s disease (378, 379), multiple sclerosis (380, 381), schizophrenia (175, 176, 382–388), bipolar disorder (389, 390), ASD (391), attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (392, 393), Tourette syndrome (100, 303, 394), Huntington’s disease (351, 352), depression (174, 395), frontotemporal dementia (36, 396, 397), personality disorder (398), anorexia nervosa (399), temporal lobe damage (400), caudate lesion (401), brain tumor (402), myotonic dystonia (403), and frontal lobe damage [(168, 404, 405); but see Ref. (406)].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Do You Have in Mind? Measures to Assess Mental State Reasoning in Neuropsychiatric Populations

Eddy

2019

Front. Psychiatry

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Social interaction is closely associated with both functional capacity and well-being. Previous research has not only revealed evidence of social dysfunction in individuals with a wide range of psychiatric and neurological disorders but also generated an abundance of potential measures for assessing social cognition. This review explores the most popular measures used within neuropsychiatric populations to investigate the ability to recognize or reason about the mental states of others. Measures are also critically analyzed in terms of strengths and limitations to aid task selection in future clinical studies. The most frequently applied assessment tools use verbal, visual or audiovisual forms of presentation and assess recognition of mental states from facial features, self-rated empathy, the understanding of other’s cognitive mental states such as beliefs and intentions, or the ability to combine knowledge of other’s thoughts and emotions in order to understand subtle communications or socially inappropriate behavior. Key weaknesses of previous research include limited investigation of relationships with clinical symptoms, and underutilization of measures of everyday social functioning that offer a useful counterpart to traditional “lab” tasks. Future studies should aim to carefully select measures not only based on the range of skills to be assessed but also taking into account potential difficulties with interpretation and the need to gain insight into the application of social cognitive skills as well as ability per se . Some of the best measures include those with well-matched control trials (e.g., Yoni Task) or those that restrict the influence of verbal deficits (e.g., intentions comic strip task), elicit spontaneous mentalizing (e.g., Animations Task), and possess greater ecological validity (e.g., Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition). Social cognitive research within psychiatric populations will be further enhanced through the development of more closely matched control tasks, and the exploration of relationships between task performance, medication, strategy use, and broader emotional and motor functions.

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“…We contacted authors to request subgroup raw values when focal epilepsy groups or laterality data was combined. Data was made available in several instances (Cohn et al, 2015; Laurent et al, 2014; Tanaka et al, 2013; Toller et al, 2015a & 2015b; Stewart et al, 2019a & 2019b; Bujarski et al, 2016; Morou et al, 2018; Lunn et al, 2015). Estimation of effect sizes in the analyses and studies that only included post-operative patients were excluded from the analyses (studies such as for Emotion: Carvajal et al, 2009; McClelland et al, 2006; Wendling et al, 2015; Ammerlaan et al, 2008; Brierley et al, 2004; Jiang et al, 2014; Gosselin et al, 2011; Meletti et al, 2014; for Empathy: Boucher et al, 2015; ToM: Giovagnoli et al, 2009; Stone et al, 2003).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Cognition in Temporal and Frontal Lobe Epilepsy: Systematic review, Meta-analysis, and Clinical Recommendations

Ziaei

Arnold

Thompson

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Despite the importance of social cognitive functions to mental health and social adjustment, assessment of these functions is absent in routine epilepsy patients' examinations. Hence, there is a clear need for developing a clinical and practical assessment which is a critical step towards designing new interventions. To do so, we first need to gain a nuanced understanding of the difficulties patients face in different domains of social cognition, including emotion recognition, empathy, the theory of mind, and social adjustment. The aim of this paper is, thus, to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature on social cognitive functions and changes among epileptic patients: frontal and temporal lobe epilepsy. Papers from 1990-2021 were reviewed and examined for inclusion in this study and after the deduplication process, 44 papers (out of 6181 numbers that were first identified) were included in the systematic review and 40 papers in the meta-analysis. Our results indicated that first, all patients, both frontal and temporal lobe epilepsy, have difficulties in all aspects of social cognition relative to non-clinical controls. However, the effect sizes were larger for theory of mind (TOM) relative to emotion domain, suggesting sensitivity of the TOM for assessing social cognitive functions among this population. Additionally, right temporal lobe epilepsy patients performed more poorly than non-clinical control relative to left side seizure focus patients, specifically in the TOM domain. Results from the empathy and social behavior domains need to be considered cautiously as these two domains are the least studied and more research is warranted in these domains of social cognition. Finally, we suggest a step-by-step pipeline for the assessment of impairments in social cognition that can be integrated into standard clinical practices for epilepsy treatment.

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Theory of Mind impairment in focal versus generalized epilepsy

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

The Impact of Social Cognition on the Real-Life of People with Epilepsy

The Impact of Social Cognition on the Real-Life of People with Epilepsy

What Do You Have in Mind? Measures to Assess Mental State Reasoning in Neuropsychiatric Populations

Social Cognition in Temporal and Frontal Lobe Epilepsy: Systematic review, Meta-analysis, and Clinical Recommendations

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