Theory of Mind (ToM) Performance in High Functioning Autism (HFA) and Schizotypal–Schizoid Personality Disorders (SSPD) Patients

Booules-Katri, Tereza-Maria; Pedreño, Carla; Navarro, J. Blas; Pàmias, Montserrat; Obiols, Jordi E.

doi:10.1007/s10803-019-04058-1

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Booules-Katri et al [ 84 ] investigated differences in Theory of Mind (ToM), a main component of SC, which refers to the ability to understand the emotional and mental states of other people[ 75 , 78 , 79 , 85 , 86 ]. They used three advanced ToM tests in 35 patients with HFA, 30 patients with schizotypal-schizoid PD (SSPD) and 36 healthy controls: individuals with HFA showed worse performance and no dissociation between affective and cognitive ToM components when compared with the SSPD patients; and the SSPD individuals scored significantly lower on cognitive than affective ToM tasks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism spectrum disorder and personality disorders: Comorbidity and differential diagnosis

Rinaldi¹,

Attanasio²,

Valenti³

et al. 2021

WJP

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BACKGROUND Differential diagnosis, comorbidities and overlaps with other psychiatric disorders are common among adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but clinical assessments often omit screening for personality disorders (PD), which are especially common in individuals with high-functioning ASD where there is less need for support. AIM To summarize the research findings on PD in adults with ASD and without intellectual disability, focusing on comorbidity and differential diagnosis. METHODS PubMed searches were performed using the key words “Asperger’s Syndrome”, “Autism”, “Personality”, “Personality disorder” and “comorbidity” in order to identify relevant articles published in English. Grey literature was identified through searching Google Scholar. The literature reviews and reference sections of selected papers were also examined for additional potential studies. The search was restricted to studies published up to April 2020. This review is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses method. RESULTS The search found 22 studies carried out on ASD adults without intellectual disability that met the inclusion criteria: 16 evaluated personality profiles or PD in ASD (comorbidity), five compared ASD and PD (differential diagnosis) and one performed both tasks. There were significant differences in the methodological approaches, including the ASD diagnostic instruments and personality measures. Cluster A and cluster C PD are the most frequent co-occurring PD, but overlapping features should be considered. Data on differential diagnosis were only found with cluster A and cluster B PD. CONCLUSION ASD in high-functioning adults is associated with a distinct personality profile even if variability exists. Further studies are needed to explore the complex relationship between ASD and PD.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism spectrum disorder and personality disorders: Comorbidity and differential diagnosis

Rinaldi¹,

Attanasio²,

Valenti³

et al. 2021

WJP

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“…When evaluating the possible separation between the social cognition and social perception components of ToM, the cognitive scores of SSPD participants were significantly lower than the emotional ToM [4]. This means that the characteristics of social maladjustment and social communication barriers are more obvious in the later years of those individuals (when they already have to live independently in society), and make them being less acceptable by the mainstream society, causing further consequences, such as alienation [32].…”

Section: Social Impactsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Disconnection and isolation [25], difficulty with treatments [26], and the deterioration of selfaccomplishment level [28] are considered as individual impacts. Significant low cognitive scores in ToM and alienation (the rejection from social mainstream) are considered as social impacts [32].…”

Section: Researches On Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Schizoid Personality Disorder

Li¹

2021

Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research

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Schizoid personality disorder (ScPD) is a rare mental disorder, the field is young, and related research is not welldeveloped. This review used a systematic search on Google Scholar about researches on ScPD and fundamental information. The main purpose of this paper is to grow knowledge of ScPD and improve understanding of this personality disorder by providing an overview of its characteristics, symptoms, etiology, impacts, and treatments. Psychologists proposed several treatments that may alleviate ScPD symptoms. Related treatments include socialization group which may partially help with their social activity, medications specific for schizophrenia and only use on ScPD as they share similar negative symptoms, and psychodynamic psychotherapy, which lack qualitative and quantitative research in this area. Although treatments suggested are supported by researchers, the field has not developed a targeted one. The difficulty in treatments and developing treatments may be due to patients' special symptom, which is lack of motivation. Anyhow, future research should target effective treatments especially, and provide more case studies. More experiments about etiology are also important, which may help identify the complex etiology of ScPD or develop targeted medications. The future directions of developing the field of ScPD are suggested.

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“…Las mujeres adolescentes con TEA presentan menos deterioro en la cognición social que los varones, lo que está en concordancia con la teoría de una mayor capacidad de empatía en las mujeres. Las habilidades y los dominios que requieren las interacciones sociales, pueden considerarse el punto de partida del presente artículo, por cuanto los investigadores ponen en evidencia una de las principales dificultades en el TEA en niños, adolescentes y adultos, como son las alteraciones en la cognición social (Boada et al, 2020;Booules-Katri et al, 2019;Pérez-Vigil et al, 2021), que dan cuenta de las dificultades que presentan en el comportamiento social, en habilidades socioemocionales y en el procesamiento de la información social necesarias para una interacción social adecuada. Además, se ha encontrado que las alteraciones en la cognición social se asocian con una deficiencia en el desarrollo neurológico del surco temporal superior posterior (pSTS) (Hotier et al, 2017).…”

Section: Müller Et Alunclassified

Trastorno del espectro autista y cognición social: un estudio de revisión

Arias

Valencia

2022

Psicoespacios

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En el presente artículo se realizó una revisión de la literatura sobre la relación entre el trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) y la cognición social (CS), la cual permite entender las alteraciones en la comunicación social en el autismo. Para ello se seleccionaron 50 artículos de estudios empíricos publicados en diferentes bases de datos entre el año 2010 y 2021. Los resultados se ordenaron y categorizaron a partir de conceptos relacionales, a través del estudio del arte, encontrando que las investigaciones consultadas convergen en las alteraciones de la CS en el TEA; otros estudios presentan instrumentos para la evaluación de la CS e intervenciones sobre la misma, buscando mejorar las habilidades y competencias en la comunicación en el autismo. Se confirmaron las alteraciones en CS y teoría de la mente (ToM) en población TEA y se evidenció la falta de más estudios sobre el diseño e implementación de intervenciones dirigidas a mejorar la CS en esta población, especialmente centrados en Latinoamérica.

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Theory of Mind (ToM) Performance in High Functioning Autism (HFA) and Schizotypal–Schizoid Personality Disorders (SSPD) Patients

Cited by 20 publications

References 80 publications

Autism spectrum disorder and personality disorders: Comorbidity and differential diagnosis

Autism spectrum disorder and personality disorders: Comorbidity and differential diagnosis

An Overview of Schizoid Personality Disorder

Trastorno del espectro autista y cognición social: un estudio de revisión

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