We have measured the phonon-drag thermopower of a periodically modulated two-dimensional electron gas, and report on a complex series of oscillations developing in the presence of a perpendicular magnetic field. At low electron density these oscillations are in phase with the commensurability resistance oscillations, however they become increasingly antisymmetrical with respect to B at higher electron density. We are able to explain this magnetic field dependence by proposing that the periodic potential lowers the symmetry of electron-phonon interaction. We calculate the thermopower by solving the Boltzmann equation given an electron-phonon scattering term with two-fold symmetry. Our fit of the experimental curves shows that the Brillouin zone folding enhances the electron-phonon scattering rate by a factor of two along the periodic potential and that a small misalignment (6 • ) of the heat gradient with the direction of the periodic potential is sufficient to explain the antisymmetrical oscillations. Our experiment demonstrates phonon drag as a very sensitive tool to probe the electronic and vibronic anisotropy in mesoscopic systems.