Theory of Stress and Sex Ratio

Schuster, Donald H.; Schuster, Locky

doi:10.1037/e463442008-115

Cited by 28 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…For example, attractive females had a greater proportion of female offspring than did unattractive females (Burley 1981). Among rats, stressing the male parent (by confinement prior to fertilization) reduces the sex ratio, whereas stressing the female increases it (Schuster & Schuster 1969). Can the degree of maternal attack be controlled to adjust sex ratios according to differential stress or attractiveness?…”

Section: Sex Ratios In Human Morbidity and Mortality It Is Not Alwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

An immunoreactive theory of selective male affliction

1985

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Males are selectively afflicted with the neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders of childhood, a broad and virtually ubiquitous phenomenon that has not received proper attention in the biological study of sex differences. The previous literature has alluded to psychosocial differences, genetic factors and elements pertaining to male “complexity” and relative immaturity, but these are not deemed an adequate explanation for selective male affliction. The structure of sex differences in neurodevelopmental disorders is hypothesized to contain these elements: (1) Males are more frequently afflicted, females more severely; (2) disorders arising in females are largely mediated by the genotype; in males, by a genotype by environment interaction; (3) complications of pregnancy and delivery occur more frequently with male births; such complications are decisive and influence subsequent development. We hypothesize that there is something about the male fetus that evokes an inhospitable uterine environment. This “evocative principle” is hypothesized to relate to the relative antigenicity of the male fetus, which may induce a state of maternal immunoreactivity, leading either directly or indirectly to fetal damage. The immunoreactive theory (IMRT) thus constructed is borrowed from studies of sex ratios and is the only explanation consistent with negative parity effects in the occurrence of pregnancy complications and certain neurodevelopmental disorders. Although the theory is necessarily speculative, it is heuristic and hypotheses derived from it are proposed; some are confirmed in the existing literature and by the authors' research.

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Section: Sex Ratios In Human Morbidity and Mortality It Is Not Alwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

An immunoreactive theory of selective male affliction

1985

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“…In this situation, its exploitation can be carried out by an organic rankine cycle (ORC), a technology extensively used in other sectors, such as hiomass combustion heat recovery, geothermal plants, and solar desalinization (see, for instance, Ref. [10]). The type of the working fluid is a free parameter and is chosen via thermodynamic considerations; nevertheless, the resulting electric efficiency is normally lower than 25%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revamping, Energy Efficiency, and Exergy Analysis of an Existing Upstream Gas Treatment Facility

Margarone

Magi

Gorla³

et al. 2011

Journal of Energy Resources Technology

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Surface oil and gas treatment facilities in .service for decades are likely to be oversized due to the natural depletion of their reserx'oirs. Despite these plants might have been designed modularly, meaning they comprise multiple identical units serving the same task, such units operate often in conditions far from the design. This work analyzes the revamping options of an existing upstream gas facility, cho.^en because representative of a wide set of plants. It presents a flexible process simulation model, implemented in the HYSYS environment and dynamically linked to an Excel spreadsheet, which includes the performance maps of all turbomachineries and the main characteristics of the investigated modifications. The model may be used to run simulations for various gas input conditions and to predict the performance over I year of operation and for different possible future scenarios. The first objective is to assess economically the considered options, which shall be applied only if yielding short return times of the investment since the reservoir is mature. Moreover, all options are appreciated adopting a figure of merit, here defined, that compares the overall energy consumption to the one calculated with .•itate-of-the-art technologies. In addition, exergy and environmental analyses are executed.

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Immunoselection and male diseases

Adinolfí

1985

Behav Brain Sci

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Theory of Stress and Sex Ratio

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

An immunoreactive theory of selective male affliction

An immunoreactive theory of selective male affliction

Revamping, Energy Efficiency, and Exergy Analysis of an Existing Upstream Gas Treatment Facility

Immunoselection and male diseases

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