Theranostic multimodal potential of magnetic nanoparticles actuated by non-heating low frequency magnetic field in the new-generation nanomedicine

Enzyme Release from Polyion Complex by Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field

“…A detailed consideration of a possible mechanism of macromolecules desorption from the MNPs oscillating under ELF MF were given in refs. 16,31 . The phenomenon is of non-thermal nature since the local or system-wide heating produced by ELF MF (f < 1 kHz, H < 100 kA/m) during the observation times is negligible (see Supporting Information).…”

“…However, this approach has a risk of tissue overheating and damage. Recently an alternative nano-magneto-mechanical actuation of MNPs by non-heating extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF MF) has attracted increasing attention in drug delivery and nanomedicine [13][14][15][16][17] .…”

“…However, this approach has a risk of tissue overheating and damage. Recently an alternative nano-magneto-mechanical actuation of MNPs by non-heating extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF MF) has attracted increasing attention in drug delivery and nanomedicine [13][14][15][16][17] .The phenomenon of nano-magneto-mechanical actuation is linked to the ability of MNPs to undergo mechanical motion in ELF MF and as a consequence produce mechanical forces and deformations in adjacent materials. It is well known, that a single-domain MNPs can relax in an external magnetic field, reducing an angle between the MNPs magnetic moment μ and the field vector H [18][19][20] .…”

“…For commonly used magnetite MNPs d* ~ 13 nm 19,20 and their transition to a multi-domain state occurs at sizes of about 120 nm 7 . Detailed theoretical examination of the principles of non-thermal nano-magneto-mechanical actuation and the optimization of MNPs and magnetic fields for biochemical applications were previously described 16,17 . The experimental validations of this phenomenon reported so far appear to provide support for the ability of MNPs to disrupt well-defined molecular structures, such as protein globule conformation, "lock and key" protein complex, lipid bilayer packaging or cell cytoskeleton networks.…”

Una guía para el estudio de nanopartículas magnéticas de óxidos de hierro conaplicaciones biomédicas. Parte I

“…Si bien, el estudio de nanopartículas magnéticas (NPM) se ha enfocado en su síntesis y en la optimización de sus propiedades para mejorar elementos magnetoresistivos [1], [2], establecer la spintronica como nueva tecnología [3], para reemplazar líquidos de enfriamiento en transformadores de potencia eléctricos [4] o para aprovechar su afinidad superficial y usarlas en remediación ambiental, [5], en los últimos años se han abordado estudios sobre las aplicaciones de nanopartículas en medicina para el tratamiento y diagnósitico del cáncer, y han sido las nanopartículas óxidos de hierro (magnetita Fe 3 O 4 , maghemita γ-Fe 2 O 3 ) las que han tomado gran importancia en este tipo de aplicaciones, ya sea transportando fármacos [6], mejorando la calidad de imágenes médicas de diagnóstico [7], o usándose en procedimientos de teranostico: usos combinados tanto para terapia, detección y diagnóstico del cáncer [8], [9].…”