Therapeutic applications of adipose cell-free derivatives: a review

Abstract

Background: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have become one of the most utilized adult stem cells due to their abundance and accessibility. Recent studies have shown that paracrine cytokines, exosomes, and other active substances are the main factors through which ADSCs exert their biological effects. Main body: Adipose cell-free derivatives have been recently gaining attention as potential therapeutic agents for various human diseases. These derivatives include ADSC-conditioned medium (ADSC-CM), ADSC exosomes (ADSC-Exo), and cell-free adipose tissue extracts (ATEs), all of which can be conveniently carried, stored, and transported. Currently, research on ADSC-conditioned medium (ADSC-CM) and ADSC exosomes (ADSC-Exo) is surging. Moreover, cell-free adipose tissue extracts (ATEs), obtained by purely physical methods, have emerged as the focus of research in recent years. Conclusion: Adipose cell-free derivatives delivery can promote cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, suppress cell apoptosis, and inflammation, as well as reduce oxidative stress and immune regulation. Thus, adipose cell-free derivatives have a broad therapeutic potential in many areas, as they possess anti-skin aging properties, promote wound healing, reduce scar formation, and provide myocardial protection and neuroprotection. This article summarizes these effects and reviews research progress in the use of adipose cell-free derivatives.

Hydrophobic insertion-based engineering of tumor cell-derived exosomes for SPECT/NIRF imaging of colon cancer

“…Furthermore, exosome-based drug delivery harnesses endogenous mechanisms for uptake, intracellular trafficking, and subsequent delivery of the cargo [ 10 ]. To date, different types of exosomes have been developed to deliver drugs to tumors; tumor cell-derived exosomes (TEx), adipose stem cell-derived exosomes (AEx), and epidermal cell-derived exosomes are among the most promising ones [ 13 – 17 ]. Exosomes from different cells have differential properties, and TEx have inherent tumor-targeting capabilities [ 18 ].…”

Regenerative medicine approaches for the management of respiratory tract fistulas

“…MSC have a perivascular origin; accordingly, MSC content is higher in vascularized hypodermic adipose tissue [ 86 ]. In consideration of the presence within the adipose tissue of cells able to differentiate and to promote tissue regeneration acting in a paracrine fashion [ 22 , 91 ], fat has been recently reconsidered not only as a simple physical filler for cosmetic surgery procedures, but also as a source of “medicinally signaling cells” [ 18 ]. Therefore, as an alternative to or in conjunction with lipotransfer, transplantation of adipose tissue-derived cells has been clinically evaluated for the treatment of a variety of regenerative purposes [ 25 ].…”

Enhancement of erythrocyte oxygen transport function after hydrothermic storage under the action of human cord blood low-molecular fraction and the Actovegin drug

“…[1,2]. У результаті численних досліджень встановлено, що препарати, розроблені на основі подібних низькомолекулярних субстанцій, мають виражені регенеративні та протизапальні властивості, виявляють широкий спектр фармакологічної дії і порівняно з цільноклітинними препаратами мають ряд переваг, пов'язаних з виготовленням, зберіганням, транспортуванням і строком придатності готового продукту [4][5][6]. Крім того, використання низькомолекулярних безклітинних препаратів дає змогу виключити ризик імунного відторгнення, небажаного диференціювання, пріонних захворювань та онкогенезу [7].…”