Therapeutic applications of groups: From Pratt's "thought control classes" to modern group psychotherapy.

Abstract

longer accurate to define therapy as something that happens in only inpatient or clinical settings. It now covers a much wider range of applications than first occurred when Dr. Pratt treated tuberculosis patients in a group or class format in 1905. A more complete review of this history can be found in Fuhriman and Burlingame (1994). Generally, group therapy is used to treat existing problems from psychopathology (e.g., depression) to problems in living (e.g., parents dealing with teenagers), ranges in duration from very brief to long term, and occurs in a variety of settings, from hospitals to college counseling centers. In this article we review the history, theoretical developments, and effectiveness of group psychotherapy as a change agent.The nonlinear, less-than-uniried complexity of group psychotherapy is understandable given the varied disciplines that have contributed to its application and theory, from theater to medicine. Anthony (1971) described its history as "conglomerate, complex, confabulatory, and conflictual." However, a number of contributors (e.g.,

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