Therapeutic applications of lytic phages in human medicine

Guo, Zhimin; H, Lin; Ji, Xufeng; Yan, Guangmou; Lei, Liancheng; Wang, Han; Gu, Jingmin; Huang, Jing

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104048

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Within the critical category, carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) features prominently, reflecting the nearcomplete absence of therapeutic options in many infections caused by these organisms (39). This categorization has spurred increased interest in developing new therapeutics, and several promising drug candidates, as well as alternate therapeutics, such as lytic phages and monoclonal antibodies, are currently being investigated (40)(41)(42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Diverse Panel of Clinical Acinetobacter baumannii for Research and Development

Galac

Snesrud

Lebreton

et al. 2020

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Over the past two decades, Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a leading cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. Of particular concern are pan-resistant strains, leading the World Health Organization (WHO) to designate carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii as a Priority 1 (Critical) pathogen for research and development of new antibiotics. A key component in supporting this effort is accessibility to diverse and clinically relevant strains for testing. Herein we describe a panel of 100 diverse A. baumannii strains for use in this endeavor. Whole genome sequencing was performed on 3,505 A. baumannii housed at the Multidrug resistant organism Repository and Surveillance Network. Isolates were cultured from clinical samples at healthcare facilities around the world between 2001 and 2017. Core-genome multi-locus sequence typing and high-resolution SNP-based phylogenetic analyses were used to select a final panel of 100 strains that captured the genetic diversity of the collection. Comprehensive antibiotic susceptibility testing was also performed on all 100 isolates using 14 clinically-relevant antibiotics. The final 100-strain diversity panel contained representative strains from 70 different traditional Pasteur scheme multi-locus sequence types, including major epidemic clones. This diversity was also reflected in antibiotic susceptibility and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) gene content, with phenotypes ranging from pan-sensitive to pan-resistant, and over 100 distinct AMR gene alleles identified from 32 gene families. This panel provides the most diverse and comprehensive set of A. baumannii strains for use in developing solutions to antibiotic resistance. The panel, and all available meta-data including genome sequences, will be available to industry, academic institutions, federal and other laboratories free-of-charge.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Diverse Panel of Clinical Acinetobacter baumannii for Research and Development

Galac

Snesrud

Lebreton

et al. 2020

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Phage therapy has arisen as a promising therapeutic tool in the era of antimicrobial resistance ( 102 ). Phage lysins, which are encoded by phages, are cell wall hydrolases that selectively act against different peptidoglycan bonds.…”

Section: Therapeutic Options In Respiratory Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Related Factors to Streptococcus pneumoniae Invasive Infection and Clinical Manifestations: The Potential Role of Nasopharyngeal Microbiome

et al. 2021

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Infections of the lower respiratory tract, such as pneumonia, are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Streptococcus pneumoniae might colonize the upper respiratory tract and is the main aetiological agent of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). In the last decades, several factors related to the host, the microorganism and the antibiotic therapy have been investigated to identify risk factors associated with the development of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Nevertheless, these factors themselves do not explain the risk of developing disease or its severity. Recently, some studies have focused on the importance of nasopharyngeal (NP) microbiome and its relation to respiratory health. This review presents existing evidence of the potential role of NP microbiome in the development of IPD.

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“…Bacteriophages may also be used for their antibiofilm properties. They have the advantage of being specific for bacterial strains and of having a rapid, targeted action, reducing the development of resistance [256]. Even for resistant bacteria, phages are often bacteriocidal.…”

Section: Phages Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering Streptococcal Biofilms

et al. 2020

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Streptococci are a diverse group of bacteria, which are mostly commensals but also cause a considerable proportion of life-threatening infections. They colonize many different host niches such as the oral cavity, the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tract. While these host compartments impose different environmental conditions, many streptococci form biofilms on mucosal membranes facilitating their prolonged survival. In response to environmental conditions or stimuli, bacteria experience profound physiologic and metabolic changes during biofilm formation. While investigating bacterial cells under planktonic and biofilm conditions, various genes have been identified that are important for the initial step of biofilm formation. Expression patterns of these genes during the transition from planktonic to biofilm growth suggest a highly regulated and complex process. Biofilms as a bacterial survival strategy allow evasion of host immunity and protection against antibiotic therapy. However, the exact mechanisms by which biofilm-associated bacteria cause disease are poorly understood. Therefore, advanced molecular techniques are employed to identify gene(s) or protein(s) as targets for the development of antibiofilm therapeutic approaches. We review our current understanding of biofilm formation in different streptococci and how biofilm production may alter virulence-associated characteristics of these species. In addition, we have summarized the role of surface proteins especially pili proteins in biofilm formation. This review will provide an overview of strategies which may be exploited for developing novel approaches against biofilm-related streptococcal infections.

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Therapeutic applications of lytic phages in human medicine

Cited by 35 publications

References 54 publications

A Diverse Panel of Clinical Acinetobacter baumannii for Research and Development

A Diverse Panel of Clinical Acinetobacter baumannii for Research and Development

Related Factors to Streptococcus pneumoniae Invasive Infection and Clinical Manifestations: The Potential Role of Nasopharyngeal Microbiome

Deciphering Streptococcal Biofilms

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