Therapeutic Approaches to Apraxia

Dabul, Barbara; Bollier, Betty

doi:10.1044/jshd.4102.268

Cited by 44 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…Participants completed a neuropsychological test battery that involved measures of speech and language processing (Table S1). Some of the measures included here are typically viewed as clinical tests: for example, the WAB (41), the Apraxia Battery for Adults, second edition (42), and the Boston Naming Test (43). However, other tests, such as the NAVS (44), the Apraxia of Speech Rating Scale (ASRS) (45), and the Philadelphia Naming Test (PNT) (46), are primarily used in research studies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the dual streams of speech processing

Fridriksson

Yourganov

Bonilha

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

147

131

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Several dual route models of human speech processing have been proposed suggesting a large-scale anatomical division between cortical regions that support motor-phonological aspects vs. lexical-semantic aspects of speech processing. However, to date, there is no complete agreement on what areas subserve each route or the nature of interactions across these routes that enables human speech processing. Relying on an extensive behavioral and neuroimaging assessment of a large sample of stroke survivors, we used a data-driven approach using principal components analysis of lesionsymptom mapping to identify brain regions crucial for performance on clusters of behavioral tasks without a priori separation into task types. Distinct anatomical boundaries were revealed between a dorsal frontoparietal stream and a ventral temporal-frontal stream associated with separate components. Collapsing over the tasks primarily supported by these streams, we characterize the dorsal stream as a form-to-articulation pathway and the ventral stream as a form-to-meaning pathway. This characterization of the division in the data reflects both the overlap between tasks supported by the two streams as well as the observation that there is a bias for phonological production tasks supported by the dorsal stream and lexical-semantic comprehension tasks supported by the ventral stream. As such, our findings show a division between two processing routes that underlie human speech processing and provide an empirical foundation for studying potential computational differences that distinguish between the two routes.aphasia | speech production | speech comprehension | voxel-based lesionsymptom mapping | speech processing U nderstanding how and where in the brain speech processing occurs has been the focus of concerted scientific endeavor for over one and a half centuries. The most influential model of the neuroanatomical basis of speech processing was proposed by Wernicke (1) and later refined by Lichtheim (2)-the WernickeLichtheim (W-L) model. The W-L model includes two separate routes from a posterior auditory comprehension center to an anterior motor speech production center: a direct route that enables speech repetition and an indirect route via ideation that mediates comprehension and propositional speech. More recently, dual route processing has been recognized as a central principle in the functional organization of the brain. Ungerleider and Mishkin (3) proposed that visual perception in primates is supported by a ventral "what" stream (involving an occipital-temporal lobe route) and a dorsal "where" stream [or later, a "how" stream mediated by an occipital-parietal route (4)]. Similarly, in the auditory domain (5), Rauschecker and Tian (6) proposed a "dual stream" model to account for the identification of what was being heard and from where the sound originated (5, 6). This model, mostly derived from nonhuman primate data, distinguishes between an anterior/ ventral route ("what" stream) involving connections from the left posterior superio...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the dual streams of speech processing

Fridriksson

Yourganov

Bonilha

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

147

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…All patients underwent a battery of speech and language tests to define their communication impairment(s), including: (1)a case history; (2)the Spontaneous Speech, Auditory Verbal Comprehension, Repetition, and Naming and Word Finding subtests from the Western Aphasia Battery— Revised (Kertesz, 2006) to determine aphasia severity andtype; (3)Raven's Progressive Colored Matrices (Raven, 1947) asscreen for nonverbal cognitive abilities; (4)the Motor Speech Examination (Duffy, 2005), the Apraxia Battery for Adults— 2 (Dabul, 2000) and connected speech samples generated from the Story Retell Procedure (McNeil etal., 1997) to generate speech samples for expert judgment of presence and severity of AOS, nonverbal apraxia and dysarthria; (5)the Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech (Yorkston etal., 1984); and (6)the Auditory Discrimination of Minimal Pairs subtest of the Psycholinguistic Assessments of Language Processing in Aphasia— 2 (Kay etal., 1992) to assess auditory perceptual impairment underlying any speech impairment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered resting-state network connectivity in stroke patients with and without apraxia of speech

New

Robin

Parkinson

et al. 2015

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Motor speech disorders, including apraxia of speech (AOS), account for over 50% of the communication disorders following stroke. Given its prevalence and impact, and the need to understand its neural mechanisms, we used resting state functional MRI to examine functional connectivity within a network of regions previously hypothesized as being associated with AOS (bilateral anterior insula (aINS), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and ventral premotor cortex (PM)) in a group of 32 left hemisphere stroke patients and 18 healthy, age-matched controls. Two expert clinicians rated severity of AOS, dysarthria and nonverbal oral apraxia of the patients. Fifteen individuals were categorized as AOS and 17 were AOS-absent. Comparison of connectivity in patients with and without AOS demonstrated that AOS patients had reduced connectivity between bilateral PM, and this reduction correlated with the severity of AOS impairment. In addition, AOS patients had negative connectivity between the left PM and right aINS and this effect decreased with increasing severity of non-verbal oral apraxia. These results highlight left PM involvement in AOS, begin to differentiate its neural mechanisms from those of other motor impairments following stroke, and help inform us of the neural mechanisms driving differences in speech motor planning and programming impairment following stroke.

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“…Odell, 2002). Previous treatment studies have selected target units of very different sizes, i.e., single segments (e.g., Dabul & Bollier, 1976), syllables, multisyllabic words, or short phrases (e.g., Bose, Square, Schlosser, & van Lieshout, 2001;Brendel & Ziegler, 2008;Freed, Marshall, & Frazier, 1997).…”

Section: Learning a Syllable From Its Parts: Cross-syllabic Generalismentioning

confidence: 99%