Therapeutic Candidates for Alzheimer’s Disease: Saponins

Zhang, Ruifeng; Zeng, Miao; Zhang, Xiaolu; Yang, Zheng; Lv, Nannan; Wang, Luming; Gan, Jiali; Li, Yawen; Jiang, Xijuan; Yang, Lin

doi:10.3390/ijms241310505

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 247 publications

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“…The degree of Aβ aggregation and oxidative stress have been reported to correlate with the progression of AD, and both of them would intensify with this progression. 38 Thus, in this study, the disease progression stages of these mice were first determined via hematoxylineosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence microscopy prior to the quantifying of ONOO − in their brain using our EG-FET sensor. The HE staining results of these AD mice showed that there were a few nuclei shrank and deformed in their hippocampus (Hippo) and cortex, accompanied by the mild cell defects, tissue atrophy, and tissue defects (Figure S18).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Double APP/PS1 transgenic AD mice aged 6 to 9 months (i.e., 6M, 7M, 8M, and 9M groups) were chosen as the research model. The degree of Aβ aggregation and oxidative stress have been reported to correlate with the progression of AD, and both of them would intensify with this progression . Thus, in this study, the disease progression stages of these mice were first determined via hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence microscopy prior to the quantifying of ONOO – in their brain using our EG-FET sensor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-engineered Graphene Extended-Gate Field-Effect Transistor for Peroxynitrite Sensing in Alzheimer’s Disease

Peng,

Zeng,

Wang

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

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The expression of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ), a pathological indicator of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), was reported to be inapparent in the early stage of AD. While peroxynitrite (ONOO–) is produced excessively and emerges earlier than Aβ plaques in the progression of AD, it is thus significant to sensitively detect ONOO– for early diagnosis of AD and its pathological research. Herein, we unveiled an integrated sensor for monitoring ONOO–, which consisted of a commercially available field-effect transistor (FET) and a high-performance multi-engineered graphene extended-gate (EG) electrode. In the configuration of the presented EG electrode, laser-induced graphene (LIG) intercalated with MnO2 nanoparticles (MnO2/LIG) can improve the electrical properties of LIG and the sensitivity of the sensor, and graphene oxide (GO)-MnO2/Hemin nanozyme with ONOO– isomerase activity can selectively trigger the isomerization of ONOO– to NO3 –. With this synergistic effect, our EG-FET sensor can respond to the ONOO– with high sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, taking advantage of our EG-FET sensor, we modularly assembled a portable sensing platform for wireless tracking ONOO– levels in the brain tissue of AD transgenic mice at earlier stages before massive Aβ plaques appeared, and we systematically explored the complex role of ONOO– in the occurrence and development of AD.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-engineered Graphene Extended-Gate Field-Effect Transistor for Peroxynitrite Sensing in Alzheimer’s Disease

Peng,

Zeng,

Wang

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Additionally, glycosides promote the activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Activation of PPARγ enhances the expression of Aβ-degrading enzymes like neprilysin (NEP) and insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), which play a crucial role in the clearance of Aβ peptides (Figure 2) (Zhang et al, 2023). Thus, the cellular-level intricacies of Aβ accumulation and its associated neurotoxicity involve disruptions in calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, kinase activation, tau phosphorylation, and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (Zheng et al, 2019).…”

Section: Glycosides Versus Amyloid-β and Tau Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular interplay between phytoconstituents of Ficus Racemosa and neurodegenerative diseases

Rani,

Zia‐Ul‐Sabah,

Tabassum

et al. 2024

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a significant global health concern, primarily affecting middle and older populations. Recently, there has been growing interest in herbal therapeutics as a potential approach to address diverse neuropathological conditions. Despite the widespread prevalence of NDs, limited phytochemical has been reported for their promising therapeutic potential with distinct underlying mechanisms. Additionally, the intricate molecular pathways influenced by herbal phytoconstituents, particularly in neurodegenerative disorders, are also not well documented. This report explores the phytoconstituents of Ficus racemosa (F. racemosa), an unfamiliar plant of the Moraceae family, for their potential interactions with pathological pathways of NDs. The influential phytoconstituents of F. racemosa, including polyphenols, glycosides, terpenoids, and furocoumarin, have been reported for targeting diverse pathological states. We proposed the most convincing molecular interplay between leading phytoconstituents and detrimental signalling cascades. However, extensive research is required to thoroughly understand the phytochemical persuaded intricate molecular pathway. The comprehensive evidence strongly suggests that F. racemosa and its natural compounds could be valuable in treating NDs. This points towards an exciting path for future research and the development of potential treatments based on a molecular level.

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“…Among these tauopathies, the most studied condition is AD. The accumulation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, along with the extracellular deposition of senile plaques formed by β-amyloid (Aβ) and neuronal loss, is a major pathological characteristic of AD [9]. Studies have shown that the number of NFTs in the brains of AD patients is positively correlated with the severity of the disease, suggesting that the abnormal phosphorylation and aggregation of tau are closely associated with the cognitive decline in AD [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Tau Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease by Dietary Bioactive Compounds

Shi,

Zhao

2024

IJMS

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Tau is a microtubule-associated protein essential for microtubule assembly and stability in neurons. The abnormal intracellular accumulation of tau aggregates is a major characteristic of brains from patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other tauopathies. In AD, the presence of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which is composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, is positively correlated with the severity of the cognitive decline. Evidence suggests that the accumulation and aggregation of tau cause synaptic dysfunction and neuronal degeneration. Thus, the prevention of abnormal tau phosphorylation and elimination of tau aggregates have been proposed as therapeutic strategies for AD. However, currently tau-targeting therapies for AD and other tauopathies are limited. A number of dietary bioactive compounds have been found to modulate the posttranslational modifications of tau, including phosphorylation, small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) mediated modification (SUMOylation) and acetylation, as well as inhibit tau aggregation and/or promote tau degradation. The advantages of using these dietary components over synthetic substances in AD prevention and intervention are their safety and accessibility. This review summarizes the mechanisms leading to tau pathology in AD and highlights the effects of bioactive compounds on the hyperphosphorylation, aggregation and clearance of tau protein. The potential of using these bioactive compounds for AD prevention and intervention is also discussed.

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Therapeutic Candidates for Alzheimer’s Disease: Saponins

Cited by 9 publications

References 247 publications

Multi-engineered Graphene Extended-Gate Field-Effect Transistor for Peroxynitrite Sensing in Alzheimer’s Disease

Multi-engineered Graphene Extended-Gate Field-Effect Transistor for Peroxynitrite Sensing in Alzheimer’s Disease

Molecular interplay between phytoconstituents of Ficus Racemosa and neurodegenerative diseases

Modulation of Tau Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease by Dietary Bioactive Compounds

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