Therapeutic detoxification of quercetin for aflatoxin B1-related toxicity: Roles of oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic enzymes

Lycopene as a Therapeutic Agent against Aflatoxin B1-Related Toxicity: Mechanistic Insights and Future Directions

“…Prior investigations have demonstrated that exposure to AFB1 can activate an inflammatory response [72,[100][101][102]. Epidemiological studies have established a positive association between AFB1 exposure and various chronic diseases, such as neurodegenerative disease, chronic enteritis, and liver cancer [16,100,103,104]. Experimental evidence suggests that AFB1 exposure can enhance the development of lung tumorigenesis and liver cancer by activating inflammatory responses, particularly pronounced in individuals co-infected with hepatitis B and C viruses [38,[105][106][107][108][109][110].…”

“…The inhibitory effects of lycopene on the NF-κB pathway could be mediated via the blockade of the MAPK and TLR4 pathways [118,119]. In addition, excessive ROS production could exacerbate the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines via triggering the PKC, NLRP3, TLR4, NF-κB, and MAPK pathways [16,120].…”

“…The inhibitory effects of lycopene on the NF-κB pathway could be mediated via the blockade of the MAPK and TLR4 pathways [118,119]. In addition, excessive ROS production could exacerbate the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines via triggering the PKC, NLRP3, TLR4, NF-κB, and MAPK pathways [16,120]. Taken together, these results indicate that lycopene may mitigate AFB1-induced inflammatory responses by inhibiting the TLR4, NF-κB, and MAPK pathways and reducing ROS production (Figure 3).…”

“…flavus and A. parasiticus [15]. Over recent decades, a total of 21 AFTs have been identified, with the most prevalent variants being aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), B2 (AFB2), G1 (AFG1), G2 (AFB2), aflatoxin B1-8,9-epoxide (AFBO), M1 (AFM1), and M2 (AFM2) [1,16]. As early as 1987, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) had classified AFB1 and AFM1 as human Group 1 and Group 2B carcinogens, respectively [17].…”

A sandwich-type photoelectrochemical biosensor based on Ru(bpy)32+ sensitized In2S3 for aflatoxin B1 detection

“…3,4 AFB 1 can also contribute to a number of health problems, including chronic inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. 5 In addition, AFB 1 is capable of interfering with the function of reproductive endocrine glands and affecting fertility. 6,7 It is crucial to develop a sensitive and reliable AFB 1 assay.…”