Therapeutic effect of oligomeric proanthocyanidin in cuprizone‐induced demyelination

Wang, Qing; Wang, Jing; Yang, Zhichao; Sui, Ruo-Xuan; Miao, Qiang; Li, Yanhua; Yu, Jie‐Zhong; Liu, Chunyun; Zhang, Guang‐Xian; Xiao, Bao‐Guo; Ma, Cun‐Gen

doi:10.1113/ep087480

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Various neuronal centers, such as the association cortex, sensorimotor cortex, subcortical nuclei, cerebellum, or brainstem, intensively communicate to orchestrate the movement of multiple body parts as required to accomplish intended actions, such as walking. There are numerous testing paradigms available to study motor behavior in mice and rats, including the pole test [ 53 , 54 , 55 ], the beam walking test [ 53 , 56 , 57 ], the wire hang test [ 58 , 59 ], the cylinder test, the open field test, different running wheels, different swimming test paradigms, the rotarod test, or footprint analyses [ 60 ]. These tests have pros and cons, and it is essential to note that there are very few purely motor behavioral tasks.…”

Section: General Aspects Of the Assessment Of Motor Behavior In Rodentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor Behavioral Deficits in the Cuprizone Model: Validity of the Rotarod Test Paradigm

Lubrich

Giesler

Kipp

2022

IJMS

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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disorder, which is histopathologically characterized by multifocal inflammatory demyelinating lesions affecting both the central nervous system’s white and grey matter. Especially during the progressive phases of the disease, immunomodulatory treatment strategies lose their effectiveness. To develop novel progressive MS treatment options, pre-clinical animal models are indispensable. Among the various different models, the cuprizone de- and remyelination model is frequently used. While most studies determine tissue damage and repair at the histological and ultrastructural level, functional readouts are less commonly applied. Among the various overt functional deficits, gait and coordination abnormalities are commonly observed in MS patients. Motor behavior is mediated by a complex neural network that originates in the cortex and terminates in the skeletal muscles. Several methods exist to determine gait abnormalities in small rodents, including the rotarod testing paradigm. In this review article, we provide an overview of the validity and characteristics of the rotarod test in cuprizone-intoxicated mice.

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Section: General Aspects Of the Assessment Of Motor Behavior In Rodentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor Behavioral Deficits in the Cuprizone Model: Validity of the Rotarod Test Paradigm

Lubrich

Giesler

Kipp

2022

IJMS

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“…Besides its antioxidant content, its antibacterial, antiviral, anticarcinogenic, and antiallergenic effects [11,12] also exist and it has been used in research to prevent reperfusion injury. Studies have also shown that proanthocyanidin is effective in dentin demyelination [15], catheter-related urinary tract infections [16], and some types of cancer such as hepatocellular carcinoma. Although the effect of proanthocyanidin on IR injury in different tissues and systems such as cerebral tissue, intestinal tissue, gastric tissue, renal tissue, liver tissue, and genitourinary system, is being investigated, the number of research on skeletal muscle in this regard is few.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of “Proanthocyanidin” on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Skeletal Muscles of Rats

Özer,

Koçak,

Sezen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BACKGROUND: Lower limb skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury associated with increased morbidity and mortality is common in several clinical situations such as aortic aneurysms repairment, peripheral arterial surgery, vascular injury repairment, and shock. Although it is generally accepted that oxidative stress mediators have a significant role in IR injury, its precise mechanism is still unknown. Anecdotally, it is sustained not only by structural and functional changes in the organ it affects but also by damage to distant organs. The purpose of this report is to illustrate the effect of proanthocyanidin on IR injury. METHODS: In our study, 18 male Wistar albino rats were used. The subjects were divided into three groups of six each. (Group Control-C, Group Ischemia-Reperfusion -IR, Group Ischemia-Reperfusion and Proanthocyanidin-IR-PRO). Intraperitoneal proanthocyanidin was given to the IR and proanthocyanidin groups 30 minutes before laparotomy and 1-hour ischemia led to these two groups. After one hour, reperfusion started. Muscle atrophy-hypertrophy, muscle degeneration-congestion, fragmentation-hyalinization, muscle oval-central nucleus ratio, leukocyte cell infiltration, catalase enzyme activity, and TBARS were all examined in lower-limb muscle samples after one hour of reperfusion. RESULTS: When skeletal muscle samples were evaluated histopathologically, it was discovered that muscle atrophy-hypertrophy, muscle degeneration-congestion, fragmentation-hyalinization, and leukocyte cell infiltration with oval-central nucleus standardization were significantly higher in the IR group than group control and group IR-proanthocyanidin. Besides, oval-central nucleus standardization was significantly higher in the IR and proanthocyanidin group than in the control group. TBARS levels were significantly higher in the IR group than in the control and IR-proanthocyanidin groups while, catalase enzyme activity was found to be significantly lower in the IR group than in the control and IR and proanthocyanidin groups. CONCLUSION: As a consequence of our research, we discovered that proanthocyanidins administered before IR have a protective impact on skeletal muscle in rats. Further research in this area is required.

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“…Oligomeric proanthocyanidin (OPC) is a natural polyphenolic compound widely found in fruits, vegetables, flowers, seeds, and bark. OPC is a low-molecular-weight polymer, which consists of 2–5 monomeric unit flavan-3-ol [(+)-catechin and (−)-epicatechin] . It has been extensively studied for its anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardioprotective activities .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OPC is a low-molecular-weight polymer, which consists of 2−5 monomeric unit flavan-3-ol [(+)-catechin and (−)-epicatechin]. 1 It has been extensively studied for its anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardioprotective activities. 2 As a tyrosinase inhibitor, OPC can effectively inhibit the synthesis and secretion of melanin, playing a vital role in skin whitening.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Nanoliposome Rigidity and Bioavailability of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidin with Phytosterols Containing Different C3 Branches

Liu,

Sun,

Yan

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The rigidity of nanoliposomes significantly influences their physical stability and in vitro and in vivo behaviors (e.g., cellular uptake, blood circulation, biodistribution, etc.). This study aimed to quantify the rigidity of the nanoliposomes composed of phytosterol with varying C3 branches and phospholipids (DPPC, DOPC) using atomic force microscopy. Young’s modulus, determined by the Shell model, effectively differentiated between mechanical differences in nanoliposomes with varying components and component structure and phase states. FTIR results indicated that P-SG exhibited the highest Young’s modulus (175.98 ± 10.53 MPa) due to the hydrogen bond between the glucose residue of steryl glycosides (SGs) and the phospholipid polar head. However, the rigidity of DOPC nanoliposomes was not significantly different due to the unsaturated bond. The addition of oligomeric proanthocyanidin (OPC) did not change the order of rigidity among the nanoliposomes, with P-SG-OPC having the highest Young’s modulus (126.27 ± 2.06 MPa). In the simulated gastrointestinal tract experiment, P-SG-OPC exhibited the greatest stability, with minimal particle aggregation. Cellular uptake experiments revealed that DPPC nanoliposomes with high rigidity had optimal endocytosis, while DOPC nanoliposome uptake was independent of rigidity. In melanin production inhibition tests, the inhibitory effect correlated directly with Young’s modulus and P-SG-OPC had the best inhibitory effect on melanin generation. Our findings in this study provide valuable insights into the design and optimization of nanoliposomes for the efficient delivery of active substances, offering potential solutions for improving the efficacy of drug delivery systems.

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Therapeutic effect of oligomeric proanthocyanidin in cuprizone‐induced demyelination

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Motor Behavioral Deficits in the Cuprizone Model: Validity of the Rotarod Test Paradigm

Motor Behavioral Deficits in the Cuprizone Model: Validity of the Rotarod Test Paradigm

The Effect of “Proanthocyanidin” on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Skeletal Muscles of Rats

Regulation of Nanoliposome Rigidity and Bioavailability of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidin with Phytosterols Containing Different C3 Branches

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