Therapeutic Effect of Seaweed Derived Xanthophyl Carotenoid on Obesity Management; Overview of the Last Decade

Abstract

Present-day lifestyles associated with high calorie-fat intake and accumulation, as well as energy imbalance, have led to the development of obesity and its comorbidities, which have emerged as some of the major health issues globally. To combat the disease, many studies have reported the anti-obesity effects of natural compounds in foods, with some advantages over chemical treatments. Carotenoids, such as xanthophyll derived from seaweeds, have attracted the attention of researchers due to their notable biological activities, which are associated mainly with their antioxidant properties. Their involvement in oxidative stress modulation, the regulation of major transcription factors and enzymes, and their antagonistic effects on various obesity parameters have been examined in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The present review is a collation of published research over the last decade on the antioxidant properties of seaweed xanthophyll carotenoids, with a focus on fucoxanthin and astaxanthin and their mechanisms of action in obesity prevention and treatment.

Effect of extraction conditions on ultrasonic-assisted extraction of polyphenolic compounds from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) leaves

“…They are natural antioxidants and have remarkable health benefits (Altemimi et al, 2016;Ojulari et al, 2019). Since polyphenols are bioactive components, generous consumption of vegetables rich in polyphenols can neutralize the effect of free radicals and lower the risk of chronic diseases such as obesity, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases (Ojulari et al, 2020;Olawuyi and Lee, 2019). Polyphenolic compounds are accumulated in various parts of the plant and are often isolated for their biological activity.…”

Xanthophylls from the Sea: Algae as Source of Bioactive Carotenoids

“…Among the xanthophylls of interest is fucoxanthin, which is one of the most abundant marine CA, accounting for approximately 10% of the total production of natural CA [ 23 ]. It is found in abundant concentrations in the chloroplasts of several brown seaweeds, such as Laminaria japonica , Undaria pinnatifida , Sargassum fusiformis , in several species belonging to the genera Sargassum ( Sargassum horneri ) and Fucus ( Fucus serratus, Fucus vesiculosus ) and in diatoms ( Bacillariophyta ) [ 9 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Another xanthophyll of interest is astaxanthin (AS), which is a red pigment.…”

“…H. pluvialis is a single-celled green freshwater alga. It is the richest source of natural AS and is already produced on an industrial scale [ 26 ]. Procedures have been technologically advanced to grow Haematococcus containing 1.5–3.0% AS dry weight [ 27 , 29 ].…”

Microalgae Xanthophylls: From Biosynthesis Pathway and Production Techniques to Encapsulation Development

“…Among marine xanthophylls, the most interesting and abundant is fucoxanthin (C 42 H 58 O 6 ), accounting for about 10% of total carotenoid production [19]. High concentrations of this xanthophyll are found in the chloroplasts of several brown algae, giving them an olive-green or brown color, and in diatoms (Bacillariophyta) [20,21]. The second xanthophyll of interest is ASX (C 40 H 52 O 4 ), which is a red-pink carotenoid.…”