Therapeutic Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Against Diethyl Nitrosamin and Carbon Tettrachloride-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats

Abstract

Objective: Hepatic cancer is known as primary liver cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Newly silver nanoparticles gained importance due to its advantages and multiple potential such as molecular imaging agent, antimicrobial, wound healing, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity. The current study deals to assess therapeutic property silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against diethylnitrosamine (DENA), and carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) induced hepatic cancer.
 Methods: Thirty male albino rats (200-250g) were distributed into four groups and hepatic cancer was induced with a single intraperitoneal dose of 200 mg/kg body weight of DENA. Two weeks later, animals received subcutaneous injections of CCl4 once a week in a dose of 3 ml/kg body weight for 6weeks. Serum biomarkers, antioxidants enzymes, inflammatory markers were evaluated to find the anti-proliferative potential of silver nanoparticles. Histological evaluation and microscopic reports were also done to document the results of the current work.
 Results: AgNPs significantly recover the serum marker enzymes of hepatic parameter AST, ALT, ALP, and total bilirubin and also decreased the levels of NO, IL-6 and TNF-α. Histopathological features also exhibited recovery of a hepatic architecture in cancer-induced rats. Moreover, the immunohistochemical investigation demonstrated that the levels of PCNA, and Caspase-3, which are hepatocarcinogenic markers, were significantly improved by AgNPs.
 Conclusion: These results concluded that AgNPs showed promising curing effects on hepatocellular ailments.

Regulatory Role of Nano-Curcumin against Tartrazine-Induced Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis-Related Genes Expression, and Genotoxicity in Rats

“…At the completion of the experiment, blood was taken out from the orbital sinus of fasting rats with a glass capillary according to Hassan et al [ 55 ]. To obtain serum, the collected whole blood was relocated into non-heparinized centrifuge tubes made of glass materials and allowed to clot at room temperature and then centrifuged at 3500× g for 15 min.…”

Effect of Ginger Nanoparticles on Hepato-renal Toxicity Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Rats

“…For preparation of basic ginger nanoparticles (GNB), 50 mg fine ginger powder with low solubility in water was mixed with 50 mg sodium bicarbonate buffer, then ground by mechanical ball mill using a planetary ball mill (Retsch PM 400, Germany) at (350 round/Sec) for 15 hrs. The color of ginger changed from yellow to yellowish white as a result of the ginger sodium salt formation [17].…”

“…Synthetic analogs and formulations of ginger have been developed, including combination with polymeric micelles [16] or nanoparticle-based encapsulation by poly-lactic-co-glycolic acids (PLGA) [14] or isolated ginger derived nanoparticles from ginger juice by using high power centrifugation [12], that exhibit greater chemical stability, systemic bioavailability and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities than naturally occurring ginger. Therefore, we try to develop ginger nano-base particles by milling ginger with sodium bicarbonate [17], to increase ginger solubility and bioavailability.…”

Effects of free and nanoparticulate curcumin on chemically induced liver carcinoma in an animal model

“…One of these derivatives is curcumin, which is obtained from the plant Curcuma longa , frequently called turmeric. It has gained enormous importance for its exceptional antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-angiogenic activities with no noticeable toxicity [ 5 ]. Accumulated experimental evidence implies that curcumin interferes with a variety of molecular targets and processes involved in cancer [ 6 ].…”

“…Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) is a potent genotoxic nitrosamine that is known to induce damage of the nuclear enzymes involved in DNA repair/replication and is typically used in experimental models to cause liver cancer. It has been demonstrated that DEN is metabolized into its active ethyl radical metabolite that interacts with DNA causing its mutation and chromosomal aberrations which would eventually lead to the development of hepatocarcinogenesis [ 5 ]. Additionally, the active metabolites of DEN generated by cytochrome isoform 2E1 (CYP 2E1) increase the oxidative stress level, leading to cytotoxicity [ 8 ].…”