Therapeutic Effectiveness of Sensory Deprivation

Cleveland, Sidney E.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1963.01720110031004

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…These 2 were both neurotics. Cleveland et al (1963) found no differences in RAS intensity or frequency between schizophrenic and nonschizophrenic psychiatric patients. In evaluating population comparisons we must again consider the question of the preisolation base line.…”

Section: Reported Auditory Sensationsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Sources of reports of visual and auditory sensations in perceptual-isolation experiments.

Zuckerman

Cohen²

1964

Psychological Bulletin

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The review analyzes the experiments on perceptual isolation with special reference to the phenomena of reported visual and auditory sensations. Variables analyzed include: methods of confinement and restriction, conditions of illumination, duration of isolation, set, instructions and suggestions, reporting or verbalization instructions, sleep, subject populations, prior knowledge and expectations, intelligence and personality characteristics of Ss, stress response, and methods of obtaining reported visual and auditory sensations. The relevance of some of the findings to physiological, psychoanalytic, cognitive, and social psychological theories of perceptual isolation are discussed. Variables which seem important in the phenomena discussed are set, verbalization instructions, S's alertness, and E's methods of obtaining responses. The unexpected reports of hallucinations in the first perceptual-isolation report (Heron, Bexton, & Hebb, 19S3) fascinated clinicians, theoreticians, and experimentalists, and stimulated widespread interest in other responses to isolation. From the reports at symposia

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Section: Reported Auditory Sensationsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Sources of reports of visual and auditory sensations in perceptual-isolation experiments.

Zuckerman

Cohen²

1964

Psychological Bulletin

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“…How¬ ever, too much "togetherness" had the op¬ posite effect for when they used 11 married couples side-by-side in twin respirators, only one couple remained eight hours. The mar- (7) Shurley (49) Davis et al (14) Davis et al (13) Mendelson et al (36) Wexler et al (57) Zuckerman et al (65) Cohen et al (10) Cleveland et al (8) Freedman et al (16) Harris (24) Henrichs (25) Holt & Goldberger (28) 6, difl. light Difl. light * Sub.…”

Section: S Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In view of the Cleveland et al 8 Grunebaum et al23 interviewed and diag¬ nosed their "normal" 5"j prior to isolation. Out of 33 Ss, 3 were diagnosed as schizoid personalities, 2 as borderline psychotic states, and 2 as psychopathic types.…”

Section: S Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are rarer than other phenomena but do happen to a few in many studies, eg, 15% of Cambareri's7 Ss; 2 pilot ¿j of Freedman and Greenblatt's16 experiment; 10% of Smith and Lewty'sB1 Ss, and 13% of Zuckerman's 6B Ss. 8 Lilly,34 and Shurley 49 have reported intense sensitization to bubbles, the face mask, respiration and heart sounds in water suspen¬ sion experiments. In Zuckerman's65 study, where an imperfect soundproofing was used, reports of building noises correlated 0.40 with auditory hallucinations and 0.80 with re¬ ports of manifest anxiety.…”

Section: Verbal Responses To Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceptual Isolation As a Stress Situation

Zuckerman¹

1964

Arch Gen Psychiatry

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“…The researchers are nearly unanimous as to the therapeutic value of sensory deprivation with psychiatric patients. The one exception is Cleveland et al (1963), who found negative or inconclusive results suggesting no therapeutic value. The contrary findings of Cleveland take on additional significance when it is noted that their study was well-controlled and made use of an adequate number of subjects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%