Therapeutic effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on alveolar bone loss in rats with endotoxin-induced periodontitis

Abstract

Background/purposeCaffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is an antioxidant which is decreases the bone resorption and enhances the bone healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of administering systemic CAPE on alveolar bone loss in rats with experimental periodontitis.Materials and methodsThirty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control, endotoxin-induced periodontitis (EP), and EP treated with CAPE (EP-CAPE). Endotoxin was injected into the gingiva of test rats on days 1, 3, and 5, whereas saline was injected into the control rats. The EP-CAPE group received 10 mmol/kg/day CAPE intraperitoneally for 28 consecutive days. Saline was given in the control and EP groups in the same manner. At the end of the study, intracardiac blood samples were obtained, and the rats were sacrificed. Alveolar bone loss was analyzed with histometric measurements. The oxidative stress index (OSI) was used to evaluate the oxidative stress. The receptor activator of the nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) level was analyzed stereologically.ResultsCAPE administration significantly decreased the serum OSI and interleukin-1β levels. Alveolar bone loss was statistically higher in the EP group compared with the EP-CAPE group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analyses of the RANKL were significantly lower in the EP-CAPE group than in the EP group (P < 0.05).ConclusionThis experimental study revealed that CAPE administration significantly prevented alveolar bone loss and stimulated periodontal tissue healing.

The Pluripotent Activities of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester

“…This result may be associated with the anti-osteoclastic effect of CAPE by suppressing RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, thereby inhibiting follicular bone loss. As a result, these findings confirmed that CAPE [ 110 , 112 , 113 ] improves bone healing, prevents RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, and can be used as a regenerative agent in bone resorption therapy.…”

“…To analyze follicular bone loss, RANKL activation was evaluated. Histological analyzes revealed lower RANKL levels in the CAPE treated group than in the saline group [ 110 , 111 ]. This result may be associated with the anti-osteoclastic effect of CAPE by suppressing RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, thereby inhibiting follicular bone loss.…”

Effects of Caffeic Acid and Its Derivatives on Bone: A Systematic Review

“…injection Positive control: n.a. ↓ RANKL-positive osteoclasts, IL-1β, OSI, alveolar bone loss and histological analysis score with lesser inflammatory reactions, ulcer and hyperemia compared with negative control with diabetes and periodontitis Kizildag et al 43 Animals: 30 male Sprague Dawley rats (3-month old and weight 220−250 g) Mode of disease induction: Endotoxin-induced periodontitis by injecting 10 μL of LPS (1 mg/mL) into the vestibular gingival sites between the right first and second maxillary molars Treatment: i.p. administration of 10 mmol/kg/day CAPE for 28 days after the periodontitis induction Negative control: Saline injection into the vestibular gingival site and daily saline i.p.…”

“…Seven studies were in vitro experiments using mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs), RAW264.7, RAW D and MG63 osteoblast cell lines [35][36][37][38][39][40][41] while 19 studies were in vivo studies using Sprague Dawley/ Sprague Dawley albino rats, Wistar/Wistar albino rats, Balb/c mice, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-resistant C3H/HEJ mice, C57BL/6J mice and ICR mice. 35,38,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] No human studies on this topic were reported.…”

“…46 Localised and systemic administration of CAPE was reported to be beneficial in reducing osteolysis and bone loss. 35,[42][43][44][45]50,[54][55][56]58 Ha et al reported that collagen sponge implant impregnated with 250 µg CAPE and RANKL could reduce osteoclastogenesis with significantly lesser TRAP-stained area in mouse calvariae compared with implants with RANKL only. 35 Subcutaneous injection of CAPE (1 mg/kg/day for 10 days) reduced the polyethylene particle-induced calvarial osteolysis, surface bone resorption and TRAP-positive cells formation with an increase of bone volume (BV) on LPS-resistant C3H/ HEJ female mice.…”