Therapeutic Effects of Stem Cells From Different Source on Renal Ischemia- Reperfusion Injury: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Animal Studies

Abstract

Objective: Although stem cell therapy for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) has made immense progress in animal studies, conflicting results have been reported by the investigators. Therefore, we aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of different stem cells on renal function of animals with ischemia-reperfusion injury and to compare the efficacies of stem cells from various sources.Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, CNKI, VIP, CBM, and WanFang Data were searched for records until April 2021. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction, and literature quality evaluation.Results and conclusion: Seventy-two animal studies were included for data analysis. Different stem cells significantly reduced serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels in the early and middle stages (1 and 7 days) compared to the negative control group, however there was no significant difference in the late stage among all groups (14 days); In the early stage (1 day), the renal histopathological score in the stem cell group was significantly lower than that in the negative control group, and there was no significant difference among these stem cells. In addition, there was no significant difference between stem cell and negative control in proliferation of resident cells, however, significantly less apoptosis of resident cells than negative control. In conclusion, the results showed that stem cells from diverse sources could improve the renal function of RIRI animals. ADMSCs and MDMSCs were the most-researched stem cells, and they possibly hold the highest therapeutic potential. However, the quality of evidence included in this study is low, and there are many risks of bias. The exact efficacy of the stem cells and the requirement for further clinical studies remain unclear.

Cell‐Based Biomaterials for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Prevention and Therapy

“…[223] Fifth, there is a very limited selection of noncancerous human cell lines and primary cells, and the immunological rejection should be also considered. [83,224] Sixth, a complex and lengthy regulatory approval process limits their practical applications to some extent. To settle these challenges, it is necessary to comprehensively and deeply understand the heterogeneity of cell-based biomaterials and the mechanisms of their biogenesis and action, so as to create superior production and transportation technologies to improve product yields and quality.…”

Adipose-Derived Stem/Stromal Cells in Kidney Transplantation: Status Quo and Future Perspectives

“…To date, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) represent the most extensively studied stem cells population in renal allograft IRI and tolerance induction models [ 53 ]. MSCs are multipotent cells with staminal features first isolated from the bone marrow in the 1960s and described as spindle-shaped, plastic-adherent elements with the ability to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, or chondrocytes [ 54 ].…”

“…This specific immunological characteristic makes MCSs particularly suitable for allogenic cell-based therapies. Among MSCs, KT-related research has primarily focused on bone-marrow-derived stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs) and ASCs [ 53 ]. BM-MSCs were discovered in 1996 and initially described as part of the stroma supporting hematopoietic stem cells [ 57 ].…”

Allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes alleviate human hypoxic AKI-on-a-Chip within a tight treatment window

“…Murine models, mainly consisting of surgical ischemia protocols, are able to monitor kidney functions within in vivo organ/system configuration to investigate efficacy and safety of therapeutic candidates [ 19 , 23 – 26 ]. However; murine PT hypoxic injury differs from humans in terms of cellular responses [ 27 ] relating to different pharmacokinetic profiling of chemical and cellular therapeutics [ 28 , 29 ] alongside ethical concerns [ 30 ] for clinical scaling. The cell-based agents require safety assessment and efficacy standardization before clinical use as therapeutic candidates [ 31 , 32 ].…”

“…Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) [ 33 , 34 ] and MSC exosomes (MSC-Exos) [ 27 , 35 ] are strong therapeutic candidates for AKI but their safety [ 36 , 37 ] and efficiency [ 38 , 39 ] remain controversial. A total of 8 currently undergoing or completed phase I-II clinical trials with MSC-based therapeutics targeting post-operative or drug-induced AKI [ 40 ] reported limited outputs with only one completed study [ 41 ] and no study on MSC-Exos exists.…”