Therapeutic Efficacy of Aerobic Exercise Training along with Oak Husk Hydroalcoholic Extract for Amelioration of Inflammation in Obese Elderly Male Mice

Abstract

Background. Fibrinogen and interleukin-1β as a proinflammatory cytokine and interleukin-10 and nesfatin-1 as an anti-inflammatory cytokine have an important role in the development and prevention of systemic inflammation and incidence of obesity-induced diseases. Thus, this study is aimed at the interaction effects of aerobic training and oak husk hydroalcoholic extract consumption on plasma levels of fibrinogen, interleukin-1β, nesfatin-1, and interleukin-10 in obese elderly male mice. Materials and Methods. In this experimental study, 40 fat male mice were fed a high-fat diet for 4 weeks to induce obesity, and subsequently, they were divided randomly into four groups: control, supplement, exercise-placebo, and exercise-supplement. The training groups performed aerobic exercise 5 days a week for 6 weeks (approximately 80-75% VO max 2 ). The supplement groups received a solution of oak husk hydroalcoholic extract at a dose of 20 milligram per kilogram of body weight for 6 weeks. Blood samples were taken 48 h after the last training session, and the levels of IL-10, fibrinogen, IL-1β, and nesfatin-1 were measured. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and LSD post hoc tests. Results. The results showed that six-week training and oak husk hydroalcoholic extract consumption significantly increased the levels of IL-10 and nesfatin-1 in experimental groups ( P < 0.001 ). Also, the levels of fibrinogen and IL-1β decreased significantly in training groups. Averages between group variations of all indicators were statistically significant, and they were more meaningfully pronounced in the exercise-supplement group than other groups ( P ≤ 0.05 ). Conclusions. Considering the results of the present study, the use of moderate aerobic exercise and oak husk hydroalcoholic extract is recommended to reduce the risk of obesity; it may also have a positive effect on inflammatory factors.

Effects of physical activity and exercise on Nucleobindin‐2 gene expression and Nesfatin‐1 concentration: A rapid review

“…The training groups performed aerobic exercise 5 days a week for 6 weeks (approximately 80%–75%). The results showed that 6‐week training significantly increased the concentration of Nesfatin‐1 in the experimental group 68 …”

“…From the 36 included studies, 23 examined humans 41–63 with 13 examining animal models 64–76 . Studies investigated the effects of chronic exercise training 41–51,63 and acute exercise 48,52–62 in humans.…”

“…Numerous studies have examined the influence of exercise on Nesfatin-1 concentration in a wide range of exercise protocols in both humans and animals. [64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76] Having examined the body of available literature, the key finding is that Nesfatin-1 concentration is induced by numerous modes of exercise. When introduced serum Nesfatin-1 as a biomarker of pre-diabetes, which is related to cardiovascular risk factors.…”

“…The purpose of conducting this review is to assess the existing research evidence regarding the impact of exercise on Nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2) gene expression and Nesfatin-From the 36 included studies, 23 examined humans with 13 examining animal models. [64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76] Studies investigated the effects of chronic exercise training [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]63 and acute exercise 48,[52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62] in humans.…”

“…One study compared the effect of chronic and acute exercise. 48 Studies investigated the effects of exercise training in animals [64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76] were no studies examining the acute exercise response in animals.…”