Therapeutic efficacy of nanomedicines for prostate cancer: An update

Abstract

Recent advances in cancer nanomedicine have attracted remarkable attention in medical sectors. Pharmacologic research on nanomedicines, including targeted cancer therapy, has increased dramatically in the past 5 years. The success stories of nanomedicines in the clinical field include the fabrication of nanomedicines that show maximum loading efficiency into carriers, maximal release kinetics, and minimum toxicity to healthy cells. Nanoparticle-mediated medicines have been developed to specifically target prostate cancer tissue by use of aptamers, antibody targeting, and sustained release of nanomedicines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Nanomedicines have been developed for therapeutic application in combination with image-guided therapy in real time. The scope of one of these nanomedicines, Abraxane (paclitaxel), may be extended to prostate cancer therapeutic applications for better quality of patient life and longer survival. This review provides an update on the latest directions and developments in nanomedicines for prostate cancer.

Reversal of drug resistance by planetary ball milled (PBM) nanoparticle loaded with resveratrol and docetaxel in prostate cancer

“…In this context, with the mounting drawbacks of conventional chemotherapy, nanotechnology has made emerged as revolutionary in the selective treatment of cancer [6]. Although nanoparticle formulations have proven to have the potential in improving the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer agents [7], a recent survey showed a median nanoparticle delivery efficiency of only 0.7% to the targeted solid tumors [8]. The greater challenges that are faced by passive drug treatments include transporting a high concentration of the drug to the target site and limiting undesirable systematic adverse effects.…”

Nanomedicine for the Treatment of Advanced Prostate Cancer

“…Ongoing research regarding these physiological barriers and a greater understanding of the disease have prompted the rational design of nanomedicines for PCa treatment [ 69 ] that often take advantage of proteins specifically overexpressed on the PCa cell surface, including the prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA), folate receptor (FR), CD44, CD24, mannose‐6‐phosphate receptor (M6PR), and ephrinA2 receptor (EphA2) ( Table 1 ) ( Figure ).…”

Fator de Aumento de Dose em Radioterapia com Nanopartículas: Estudo por simulação de Monte Carlo

“…Entretanto, a associação de AuNPs e feixes de baixas energias pode proporcionar um aumento potencial na resposta tumoral, conseqüente do aumento na interação entre o tecido e a radiação, principalmente através do efeito fotoelétrico [5][6][7] . A literatura mostra que AuNPs de alguns nanômetros apresentam baixa toxicidade e podem permear vasos sanguíneos que alimentam tumores, proporcionando um efeito de radiossensibilização diferencial nesses tecidos em relação aos tecidos normais 4 . Nesse sentido, o uso de feixes de radiação de energias como as utilizadas em ortovoltagem e braquiterapia poderia trazer uma vantagem potencial para radioterapia com nanopartículas em relação aos feixes de teleterapia, que têm energias relativamente mais elevadas 8 .…”