Therapeutic Efficacy of Vitamin Eδ-Tocotrienol in Collagen-Induced Rat Model of Arthritis

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease primarily involving inflammation of the joints. Although the management of the disease has advanced significantly in the past three decades, there is still no cure for RA. The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of δ-tocotrienol, in the rat model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Arthritis was induced by intradermal injection of collagen type II emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant. CIA rats were orally treated with δ-tocotrienol (10 mg/kg) or glucosamine hydrochloride (300 mg/kg) from day 25 to 50. Efficacy was assessed based on the ability to reduce paw edema, histopathological changes, suppression of collagen-specific T-cells, and a reduction in C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. It was established that δ-tocotrienol had the most significant impact in lowering paw edema when compared to glucosamine treatment. Paw edema changes correlated well with histopathological analysis where there was a significant reversal of changes in groups treated with δ-tocotrienol. The results suggest that δ-tocotrienol is efficient in amelioration of collagen-induced arthritis. Vitamin E delta-tocotrienol may be of therapeutic value against rheumatoid arthritis.

Potential Role of Tocotrienols on Non-Communicable Diseases: A Review of Current Evidence

“…Using female rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), Radhakrishnan et al (2014) revealed that the animals orally treated with γT3 (5 mg/kg) for 25 days (day 21 to day 45) had lower hind paw thickness and edema compared to untreated arthritic animals [169]. Similar outcomes were obtained from another study by Haleagrahara et al (2014), whereby oral supplementation of δT3 (10 mg/kg) exerted significant impact in lowering both left and right hind paw edema in the CIA animals [170]. The researchers also investigated the involvement of inflammatory response and oxidative stress in this CIA model.…”

“…The researchers also investigated the involvement of inflammatory response and oxidative stress in this CIA model. Both γT3 and δT3 were capable of decreasing inflammation (reduced CRP and TNF-α) and oxidative stress (increased SOD and total glutathione (GSH)) in the CIA rats [169,170]. A recent study showed that annatto tocotrienol at 100 mg/kg prevented cartilage degeneration in a rat model of osteoarthritis induced by monosodium iodoacetate, as evidenced by reduced histological scoring and circulating cartilage oligomeric matrix protein level in the treated rats [171].…”

δ-Tocotrienol, a natural form of vitamin E, inhibits pancreatic cancer stem-like cells and prevents pancreatic cancer metastasis

“…Vitamin E delta-tocotrienol (VEDT), a natural vitamin E compound, is receiving increasing attention as a potential chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic agent [ 14 , 18 , 19 ]. Several studies in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated antitumor activity of VEDT [ 10 , 16 , 17 , 20 – 24 ].…”

Beneficial effects of natural eggshell membrane (NEM) on multiple indices of arthritis in collagen-induced arthritic rats

“…In addition to prescription pharmaceutical and biological interventions, several natural products have been evaluated in collagen-induced arthritic rats. Most recently, the beneficial effects of d-tocotrienol (10 mg/kg) on reducing paw edema and improving histopathological features when administered on days 25 through 50 post-collagen injection were reported [51]. Similarly, oral administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus casei improved the individual histopathology scores and overall arthritis score, along with reducing the levels of several inflammatory cytokines [52].…”