Therapeutic Horseback Riding

Lessick, Mira; Shinaver, Robyn; Post, Kimberly M.; Rivera, Jennifer E.; Lemon, Betty

doi:10.1177/1091592304263956

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The Table 6 Changes of peak torque (PT) in hip flexor and extensor muscles among 4 groups Items horse's movements affect the rider's, thus opening possibilities to influence the rider's pelvic and torso motor activity via voluntary and involuntary movements among patients predominantly with chronic neck and back pain [20]. Research studies have documented the improved conditioning of people with disabilities following participation in therapeutic riding programs [1,13,23,26,35]. Among the reported physical benefits of riding are improved balance, coordination, posture, arm and leg strength, and back and neck strength.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-effects of horse simulator exercise on psychophysiological responses in men with chronic low back pain

Lee

Jang

et al. 2014

IES

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BACKGROUND: Although horse simulator riding is very beneficial for patients with several diseases, there are few studies relating to treating patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) specifically in terms of physiological and psychological outcome measures. It also has not been medically verified yet on the aspects of psychological responses and physiological changes. As well as there are not known how it can decrease the pain, how it can increase the physical conditioning, and how much good time rides a horse simulator. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the time-effects of an 8 week horse simulator exercise on body composition, visual analogue scale (VAS), and isokinetic torques of the trunk and hip joints in patients with CLBP. METHODS: Forty one young men presenting with CLBP were divided into 4 groups: LBP control group (LCG), LBP horse simulator 10 min riding group (LHS10G), LBP horse simulator 20 min riding group (LHS20G), and LBP horse simulator 30 min riding group (LHS30G), respectively. Three horse simulator exercise groups completed a rehabilitation exercise protocol for 5 days per week during 8 weeks. VAS was used to measure the severity of CLBP and functional disability for checking psychological responses. Body composition measured by bioelectrical analyzer and isokinetic torques were used to consider the physiological pre-post changes. RESULTS: Compared with the baseline, the body composition indices did not change significantly. However, muscle mass and fat mass showed increasing and decreasing tendencies in the LHS30G. The VAS indices showed significant decrease in back pain including other 12 items. A significant decrease was observed for all items except for drug relief. Especially, most of items in the LHS20G were lower than those of the other groups in the post hoc comparison. The horse simulator exercise enhanced the isokinetic strength of trunk and hip muscles. Due to the increased strength, trunk flexor/extensor ratio, hip flexor/extensor ratio, and hip abductor/adductor were close to reference values. The deficit in the ratio scores: hip flexor and extensor and hip abductor and adductor evened out after an experiment. Especially, these improvements were associated particularly with LHS20G. CONCLUSIONS: The horse simulator exercise positively affected psychophysiological responses in patients with CLBP. However, with respect to pain, the 20 min horseback riding group was associated with the best results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-effects of horse simulator exercise on psychophysiological responses in men with chronic low back pain

Lee

Jang

et al. 2014

IES

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“…In contrast to recreational riding, therapeutic riding refers to the use of a horse, and equine-related activities, to bring about a variety of positive outcomes across a range of domains, including physical, emotional, social, behavioural, cognitive and educational (Lessick, Shinaver, Post, Rivera, & Lemon, 2004).…”

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confidence: 96%

A systematic review of the efficacy of equine-assisted interventions on psychological outcomes

Kendall

Maujean

Pepping

et al. 2015

European Journal of Psychotherapy & Counselling

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Much research attests to the beneficial effects of equine interventions on physical development and ability. However, less is known about the possible psychological benefits of horse activities, such as therapeutic riding or interactions with horses. Although there is public consensus that horses can have psychological benefits, it is an under-researched area and conclusions are largely based on anecdotal data. The little empirical evidence that is available about the efficacy of equine-assisted interventions on psychological outcomes tends to be mixed and is often difficult to interpret due to the lack of rigorous research designs. The purpose of this review was to examine the current state of the literature regarding the psychological effects of equine-assisted interventions, and to make recommendations for future research. Findings from this review suggest that equine-assisted interventions hold much promise, particularly in terms of child/adolescent social and behavioural issues, and perhaps adult affective disorders. However, the current state of the literature does not allow us to definitively conclude that equine-assisted interventions are efficacious. Well-designed randomised controlled trials are greatly needed in this area, as it is an appreciation of the need to standardise and document equine-assisted interventions and outcomes in future research.Viele Studien bestätigen die positiven Effekte pferdgestützter Interventionen auf körperliche Entwicklung und Motorik. Bislang gibt es jedoch wenige Informationen darüber, wie sich die Beschäftigung mit Pferden, etwa über das therapeutische Reiten oder einfacheren Interaktionen, psychologisch auf die Klienten auswirkt. Trotz eines gewissen öffentlichen Konsenses zu den positiven Effekten von Pferden, ist dieses Feld bislang mehr oder weniger unerforscht und basiert in den meisten Fällen lediglich auf

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“…It is said that ancient Greeks offered people with incurable diseases horseback rides, as it was considered to improve mood [2]. The father of medicine, Hippocrates, talked about "riding's healing rhythm" [3]. Ever since, horseback riding has been considered a method for improving both the mental and physical health of people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the 1960s, equine-assisted therapeutic activities have increased in scope and have become more and more professionalized. Activities have primarily grown in Germany and the USA [3]. Since the 1990s, more and more scientific studies have been conducted to investigate whether equine-assisted therapy works for different types of diseases and ill-health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine-Assisted Intervention to Improve Perceived Value of Everyday Occupations and Quality of Life in People with Lifelong Neurological Disorders: A Prospective Controlled Study

Pálsdóttir

Gudmundsson

Grahn

2020

IJERPH

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People with neurological disorders suffer from poor mobility, poor balance, fatigue, isolation and monotonous everyday activities. Studies show that equine-assisted interventions can improve their mobility and balance, but could these kinds of interventions also increase participants’ activity repertoire and self-assessed health, and reduce their fatigue? The study was conducted as a prospective, controlled study with three cohorts followed for one year: intervention group (n = 14), control group Passive (n = 29), and control group Active (n = 147). Participants in the study were affected by neurological disease or injury that limited their opportunities for an active everyday life. The intervention group lacked regular activities outside the home before the intervention, which consisted of riding once a week, led by a certified therapist. Control group Passive lacked regular activities outside the home, while control group Active had several activities outside the home per week. Primary outcome measures were activity repertoire measured with Occupational Value Assessment questionnaire. Secondary outcome measures were global self-assessed health measured with EuroQol-VAS and fatigue measured with Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire. The intervention group’s activity repertoire and self-assessed health increased significantly compared to both baseline and the control groups. Equine-assisted interventions could help to improve the perceived value of everyday occupations and quality of life, as well as break isolation and increase the activity repertoire of people with neurological disorders.

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Therapeutic Horseback Riding

Cited by 26 publications

References 6 publications

Time-effects of horse simulator exercise on psychophysiological responses in men with chronic low back pain

Time-effects of horse simulator exercise on psychophysiological responses in men with chronic low back pain

A systematic review of the efficacy of equine-assisted interventions on psychological outcomes

Equine-Assisted Intervention to Improve Perceived Value of Everyday Occupations and Quality of Life in People with Lifelong Neurological Disorders: A Prospective Controlled Study

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