Therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis

Wilhelmus, Kirk R.

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002898.pub2

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…In the first half of the 20th century, corneal epithelial debridement and cauterization came into widespread use; now they are no longer used. In 1962, Kaufman et al reported the use of idoxuridine in HSV epithelial keratitis [231]; the success of idoxuridine led to the development of other nucleoside analogs such as vidarabine and trifluorothymidine [232]. ACV was subsequently developed in topical, IV and oral formulations.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interferons have also been tested for use in therapy and prevention. Ganciclovir (GCV), foscarnet, bromovinyldeoxyuridine, cidofovir and other drugs have been recently evaluated for their efficacy in treating dendritic epithelial keratitis [232]. Controversies persist over the optimal antiviral agent and the role of interferon.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Controversies persist over the optimal antiviral agent and the role of interferon. Complex decision making is involved in selecting appropriate therapy for ocular herpes [232]. Tables 5–7 summarize human, rabbit and mouse antiherpetic studies [60,164,233–254].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This efficacy of corticosteroids was reported in a review by Knickelbein et al to be high and thus outweigh the adverse side effects of possible cataract and glaucoma [256]. In an extensive review, Wilhelmus compared the effects of various therapeutic interventions for dendritic or geographic HSV epithelial keratitis [232]. The review included 99 comparative clinical trials that randomized a total of 5363 participants from 1960 to 2007.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus: How are Latency, Reactivation, Recurrent Disease and Therapy Interrelated?

et al. 2011

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Most humans are infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 in early childhood and remain latently infected throughout life. While most individuals have mild or no symptoms, some will develop destructive HSV keratitis. Ocular infection with HSV-1 and its associated sequelae account for the majority of corneal blindness in industrialized nations. Neuronal latency in the peripheral ganglia is established when transcription of the viral genome is repressed (silenced) except for the latency-associated transcripts and microRNAs. The functions of latency-associated transcripts have been investigated since 1987. Roles have been suggested relating to reactivation, establishment of latency, neuronal protection, antiapoptosis, apoptosis, virulence and asymptomatic shedding. Here, we review HSV-1 latent infections, reactivation, recurrent disease and antiviral therapies for the ocular HSV diseases.

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Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus: How are Latency, Reactivation, Recurrent Disease and Therapy Interrelated?

et al. 2011

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“…Wilhelmus11 performed a systematic review of the literature reported in the Cochrane Database. Surveys of ocular antiviral drugs for HSV eye disease were evaluated in a systematic review of all comparative clinical studies.…”

Section: Therapeutic Interventions For Hsv Epithelial Keratitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical ganciclovir in the treatment of acute herpetic keratitis

Tabbara¹

2010

OPTH

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Herpetic keratitis is caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) and is a common cause of corneal blindness. Following a primary ocular herpetic infection, latency of the virus occurs, followed by subsequent recurrences of herpetic keratitis. Such recurrences may lead to structural damage of the cornea. Recurrent herpetic keratitis is a common indication for corneal transplantation. Recurrences of herpetic keratitis in the corneal graft may lead to corneal graft rejection. Several antiviral agents for HSV are available, including the thymidine analogs. Prolonged use of thymidine analogs may lead to toxicity of the ocular surface, including epithelial keratitis, corneal ulcers, follicular conjunctivitis, and punctal occlusions. Availability of topical antiviral agents that are safe and effective in the treatment and prophylaxis of herpetic keratitis is highly desirable. Ganciclovir is a potent inhibitor of members of the herpes virus family. The drug has been used systemically for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. Its hematologic toxicity secondary to systemic administration led to its limited use in herpetic infections. On the other hand, topical ganciclovir has been shown to be as safe and effective as acyclovir in the treatment of herpetic epithelial keratitis. Furthermore, topical ganciclovir can reach therapeutic levels in the cornea and aqueous humor following topical application. Several clinical trials have shown that topical ganciclovir 0.15% ophthalmic gel is safe and effective in the treatment and prophylaxis of herpetic epithelial disease. Long-term use of ganciclovir ophthalmic gel in patients with penetrating keratoplasty following herpetic keratitis has prevented recurrences of the disease. Topical ganciclovir ophthalmic gel is well tolerated, does not cause toxic effects on the ocular surface, and does not cause hematologic abnormalities. Clinical studies have underscored the potential role of ganciclovir ophthalmic gel in the treatment and prophylaxis of herpetic epithelial keratitis. Future randomized, controlled, multicenter, prospective clinical trials are needed to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of topical ganciclovir in the treatment and prevention of herpetic keratitis and uveitis.

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Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis

Wilhelmus

2015

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

107

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Background-Eye disease due to herpes simplex virus (HSV) commonly presents as epithelial keratitis which, though usually self-limiting, may persist or progress without treatment.Objectives-To compare the relative effectiveness of antiviral agents, interferon, and corneal debridement in the treatment of HSV epithelial keratitis. Search methods-We searched CENTRAL (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision

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Therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis

Cited by 18 publications

References 119 publications

Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus: How are Latency, Reactivation, Recurrent Disease and Therapy Interrelated?

Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus: How are Latency, Reactivation, Recurrent Disease and Therapy Interrelated?

Topical ganciclovir in the treatment of acute herpetic keratitis

Antiviral treatment and other therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis

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