Therapeutic options for the treatment of chronic pain in dogs

Abstract

Chronic pain is a widely recognised problem in humans and is being increasingly recognised as a significant problem in dogs. Whilst a large number of therapies are described and utilised to treat chronic pain in dogs, there is a severe shortage of evidence to guide practitioners in selection of treatments. Until more evidence becomes available, practitioners should adopt a cautious approach, utilising licensed treatments first when possible. Non‐pharmacological therapies should be incorporated into the chronic pain management plan whenever possible. Given the probable prevalence of chronic pain in dogs there is an urgent need for research to identify effective treatments.

Dor Cronica Em Caes E Gatos: Como Se Desenvolve E Quais Os Principais Tratamentos

“…Os AINES são utilizados para o tratamento da dor em cães e gatos com câncer e osteoartrite (LEONEY, 2010;BENNETT et al, 2012;MACFARLANE at al., 2014). Para o tratamento da osteoartrite em gatos o meloxicam (0.025 e 0.05 mg/kg) tem sido administrado com sucesso durante quatro semanas com melhora da atividade física e alivio da dor nesses animais (GUILLOT et al, 2013).…”

“…A amantadina é um medicamento antiviral para o homem e também é utilizado para o tratamento da doença de Parkison (MACFARLANE et al, 2014). É um antagonista de receptor NMDA, que diminui a sensibilização central utilizado para tratamento de dor crônica em humanos (MOORE, 2016).…”

“…Animais com dor crônica principalmente em membros como a osteoartrite e displasia se beneficiam da perda de peso gerando redução nos escores de dor (MACFARLANE et al 2014). O tecido adiposo secreta diversas substâncias como citocinas inflamatórias que contribuem com manutenção do processo álgico e hipersensibilização.…”

Dispersal Pattern of Injectate Following Ct‐guided Perineural Infiltration in the Canine Thoracolumbar Spine: A Cadaver Study

“…Absence of spinal compression has been based on plain radiology, myelography, CT, or MRI . Current management of noncompressive thoracolumbar pain concentrates on pharmacotherapy, weight control, physiotherapy, acupuncture, and environmental modification . In human medicine, perineural spinal infiltration is commonly used as a diagnostic test to confirm the level of the pathology for radicular pain or to provide pain therapy by infiltrating a steroid and anesthetic combination into the epidural space.…”

“…[5][6][7] Current management of noncompressive thoracolumbar pain concentrates on pharmacotherapy, weight control, physiotherapy, acupuncture, and environmental modification. 8 In human medicine, perineural spinal infiltration is commonly used as a diagnostic test to confirm the level of the pathology for radicular pain or to provide pain therapy by infiltrating a steroid and anesthetic combination into the epidural space. European guidelines for the management of chronic nonspecific back pain provide a favorable level of evidence that perineural epidural steroid infiltrations are effective in humans.…”