Therapeutic Potential of Artichoke in the Treatment of Fatty Liver: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Kamel, Ahmed; Farag, Mohamed A.

doi:10.1089/jmf.2022.0025

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Our findings are supported by previous studies reporting significant antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities exerted by several polyphenols present in Cynara spp. such as chlorogenic acid, dicaffeoylquinic acid, luteolin, and apigenin derivatives [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. These results suggest that the total phytocomplex contained in C. sylvestris leaf is a valuable source of bioactive compounds that are effective in counteracting transient or mild conditions of hepatic oxidative stress, adding new evidence to the previous studies on the hepatoprotective properties of taxa belonging to the Cynara genus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wild Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus subsp. sylvestris, Asteraceae) Leaf Extract: Phenolic Profile and Oxidative Stress Inhibitory Effects on HepG2 Cells

et al. 2023

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Cynara cardunculus subsp. sylvestris (wild artichoke) is widespread in Sicily, where it has been used for food and medicinal purposes since ancient times; decoctions of the aerial parts of this plant have been traditionally employed as a remedy for different hepatic diseases. In this study, the phenolic profile and cell-free antioxidant properties of the leaf aqueous extract of wild artichokes grown in Sicily (Italy) were investigated. The crude extract was also tested in cells for its antioxidant characteristics and potential oxidative stress inhibitory effects. To resemble the features of the early stage of mild steatosis in humans, human HepG2 cells treated with free fatty acids at the concentration of 1.5 mM were used. HPLC-DAD analysis revealed the presence of several phenolic acids (caffeoylquinic acids) and flavonoids (luteolin and apigenin derivatives). At the same time, DPPH assay showed a promising antioxidant power (IC50 = 20.04 ± 2.52 µg/mL). Biological investigations showed the safety of the crude extract and its capacity to counteract the injury induced by FFA exposure by restoring cell viability and counteracting oxidative stress through inhibiting reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation and increasing thiol-group levels. In addition, the extract increased mRNA expression of some proteins implicated in the antioxidant defense (Nrf2, Gpx, and SOD1) and decreased mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β), which were modified by FFA treatment. Results suggest that the total phytocomplex contained in wild artichoke leaves effectively modulates FFA-induced hepatic oxidative stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wild Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus subsp. sylvestris, Asteraceae) Leaf Extract: Phenolic Profile and Oxidative Stress Inhibitory Effects on HepG2 Cells

et al. 2023

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“…[46] Furthermore, a recent systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that flavonoid-containing artichoke leaf extract resulted in a significant reduction in ALT, AST, TC, TG, and LDL-C in NAFLD patients. [47] Inflammation is an important hallmark in the development of NAFLD. [48] The present meta-analysis showed that TNF-𝛼 and NF-𝜅B in patients with NAFLD significantly decreased following flavonoid supplementation likely attributed to flavonoids potential anti-inflammatory actions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Flavonoid Supplementation Alleviate Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Li,

Ji,

et al. 2023

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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ScopeHigher flavonoid intake is associated with reduced risk of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, there is a large discrepancy in the effects of flavonoid supplementation on NAFLD. To fill such knowledge gap, we systematically reviewed randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to critically assess flavonoid supplementation effect on liver function, lipid profile, inflammation, and insulin resistance in adults with NAFLD.Methods and resultsA systematic search was conducted from 4 databases from inception until May 2023. Twelve RCTs were included in the final analysis demonstrating beneficial effects of flavonoids on ALT (SMD = −3.59, p = 0.034), AST (SMD = −4.47, p = 0.001), GGT (SMD = −8.70, p = 0.000), CK‐18M30 (SMD = −0.35, p = 0.042), TG (SMD = −0.37, p = 0.001), LDL‐C (SMD = −0.38, p = 0.039), TC (MD = −0.25 mmol/l, p = 0.017), steatosis score (MD = −18.97, p = 0.30), TNF‐α (MD = −0.88, p = 0.000), and NF‐κB (MD = −1.62, p = 0.001).ConclusionThis meta‐analysis suggests that flavonoid alleviates NAFLD through exerting favourable effects on liver function, lipid profile, and inflammation, indicating flavonoid supplementation presents a promising drug regimen for the management of NAFLD and its associated complications.

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“…Compared to placebo, the overall effect of green tea supplementation on the ALT, AST, and ALP was non-significant (41), while subgroup analysis demonstrated that it reduced the AST and ALT levels in NAFLD patients, but a slightly significant increase in liver enzymes was observed in healthy subjects (41). Compared to controls, artichokes significantly reduced AST and ALT levels in obese liver patients, but did not affect ALP levels (61). In addition, sumac consumption also had non-significant effects on AST and ALT levels in patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders (47).…”

Section: Effect Of Natural Products and Dietary Interventions On Live...mentioning

confidence: 96%

Natural products and dietary interventions on liver enzymes: an umbrella review and evidence map

Li,

Wu,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundThe association between natural products and dietary interventions on liver enzymes is unclear; therefore, this study aimed to examine their effects on liver enzymes in adults.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews databases were searched from inception until March 2023. The Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews-2 (AMSTAR-2) and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) systems were used to assess the methodological and evidence quality, and the therapeutic effects were summarized in a narrative form.ResultsA total of 40 meta-analyses on natural products (n = 25), dietary supplements (n = 10), and dietary patterns (n = 5) were evaluated, and results were presented in a narrative form. The overall methodological quality of the included studies was relatively poor. The results indicated that positive effects were observed for nigella sativa, garlic, artichoke, curcumin, silymarin, vitamin E, vitamin D, L-carnitine, propolis, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on certain liver enzymes. The dietary patterns, including high-protein, Mediterranean, and calorie-restriction diets and evening snacks, may reduce liver enzymes; however, other supplements and herbs did not reduce liver enzyme levels or have minimal effects. The evidence quality was generally weak given the risk of bias, heterogeneity, and imprecision.ConclusionThis umbrella review suggests that natural products and dietary interventions have beneficial therapeutic effects on liver enzymes levels. Further clinical trials are necessary to establish the effectiveness of supplements that reduce liver enzymes.

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Therapeutic Potential of Artichoke in the Treatment of Fatty Liver: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 51 publications

Wild Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus subsp. sylvestris, Asteraceae) Leaf Extract: Phenolic Profile and Oxidative Stress Inhibitory Effects on HepG2 Cells

Wild Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus subsp. sylvestris, Asteraceae) Leaf Extract: Phenolic Profile and Oxidative Stress Inhibitory Effects on HepG2 Cells

Does Flavonoid Supplementation Alleviate Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Natural products and dietary interventions on liver enzymes: an umbrella review and evidence map

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