Therapeutic Potential of Seaweed Polysaccharides for Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Seaweed has attracted a great deal of interest as excellent sources of nutrients. Seaweeds contain polysaccharides, proteins, amino acids, lipids, peptides, minerals, and some vitamins. Polyphenols of seaweed was used as cosmetics and pharmacological as antioxidants, protection from radiation, anti-inflammatory, hypoallergenic, antibacterial, and antidiabetic. Besides that seaweed also has a high content of antioxidant that can be used to ward off free radicals that increase due to the condition of hyperglycemia in a patient with diabetes mellitus. Hence, a great deal of attention has been directed at isolation and characterization of seaweed polysaccharides because of their numerous health benefits, especially for diabetes mellitus. This paper is expected to provide information on the effect of alginate from two seaweeds on blood glucose and lipid profiles of diabetic rats.

Antidiabetic and Nephroprotective Effects of Polysaccharide Extract from the Seaweed Caulerpa racemosa in High Fructose-Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy

“…39,[41][42][43] In consistent with the antidiabetic effect of PCR herein, the polysaccharides from Turbinaria ornata and Sargassum crassifolium seaweeds lowered blood glucose and improved body weight in DM rats. 44 The study of BelHadj et al indicated that polysaccharides could protect the kidney function via reduced levels of creatinine, BUN and urea which was in agreement with our findings. 45 Chronic hyperglycemia provokes glucose toxicity in several tissues and organs via oxidative stress.…”

Fucoidan Hydrogels Significantly Alleviate Oxidative Stress and Enhance the Endocrine Function of Encapsulated Beta Cells

“…[18,19] In the last decade, a number of different brown seaweed derived sufated polysaccharides called fucoidan have been described to posses high antioxidant capacity. [20] The molecular weight of fucoidan influences its hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and reduction potential. [21] Apart from their antioxidant activity, fucoidan also possesses anti-inflammatory properties, and is known to suppress mechanistic events of inflammation via activation of NF-kβ, generation of ROS, and upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and associated cell adhesion molecules.…”

Fatty acid composition of different structures in Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) C. Agardh from the sub-Antarctic Magellan Ecoregion: nutritional and biomedical potential

“…Biomolecules derived from macroalgae are compounds of great importance due to their nutritional benefits. They contain significant concentrations of vitamins, minerals, proteins, lipids, and fibers, and could be a crucial part of the daily human diet (Harnedy and FitzGerald 2013;Flaschs et al 2014;Astorga-España et al 2017;Athyros et al 2018;Husni 2018;Afonso et al 2019;Cikoš et al 2020;Prlyanka et al 2022). Additionally, macroalgae possess important antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties (do Amaral et al 2020;Prlyanka et al 2022).…”

“…Indeed, they contain a significant amount of phycocolloids (agar, carrageenans and alginates), which are widely used in the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries (Kelly and Brown 2000;Mansilla et al 2012;Wan et al 2019;Leandro et al 2020;. Several studies demonstrate the benefits of macroalgae as nutraceuticals due to their significant lipid, amino acid and fiber contents (Harnedy and FitzGerald 2013;Flaschs et al 2014;Astorga-España et al 2017;Athyros et al 2018;Husni 2018;Afonso et al 2019;Cikoš et al 2020) and their potential applications in human health to fight pathologies of high prevalence and public health impact, such as cancer, stroke, hypertension, diabetes (type II), gastrointestinal disorders, osteoporosis, immune disorders, arthritis, influenza, among others (Mendis and Kim 2011;Collins et al 2016;Quitral et al 2019;do Amaral et al 2020).…”