Therapeutic Potential of Selenium as a Component of Preservation Solutions for Kidney Transplantation

Abstract

Selenium has strong antioxidant properties and diverse effects on the immune system. The aim of the study was to analyse the protective effect of selenium as a component of a kidney preservation solution on the prevention of ischemia-reperfusion injury of nephrons. The solution was modified by the addition of Se (1 µg/L), prolactin (0.1 µg/L) and Se with prolactin (1 µg/L Se + 0.1 µg/L PRL). The study used a model for storing isolated porcine kidneys in Biolasol® (modified Biolasol®), which minimizes ischemia-reperfusion injury of grafts. The introduction of Se4+ ions at a dose of 1 µg/L into the Biolasol® preservation solution in the form of Na2SeO3 caused an increase in the activity/concentration of the analysed biochemical parameters: aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, urea and protein. This suggests an adverse effect of Se4+ on nephron function during ischemia-reperfusion. The best graft protection was obtained by using Biolasol® modified with the addition of selenium (IV) at a dose of 1 µg/L and prolactin at a concentration of 0.1 µg/L. We proposed the mechanism of prolactin action in the metabolic reduction of selenite (SO32−) during ischemia/reperfusion.

Effectiveness Assessment of a Modified Preservation Solution Containing Thyrotropin or Follitropin Based on Biochemical Analysis in Perfundates and Homogenates of Isolated Porcine Kidneys after Static Cold Storage

“…The results of the biochemical tests performed in the control and study groups are presented in Figures 1-7. The indirect method, i.e., determination of the activity of enzymes ALT, AST, and LDH, was used to diagnose the degree of damage to kidney cells, which intensifies during ischaemia [48][49][50][51]. The selected markers are sensitive indicators of damage to the structural integrity of the graft.…”

“…In our previous studies, we used Biolasol as a base to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacological substances in flushing and preserving grafts. We have shown that prolactin (PRL, dose: 1 µg/L) [51,57], lutropin (LH, dose: 0.01 µg/L) [58], and selenium (Se 4+ , dose: 1 µg/L) [48] have a beneficial protective effect on the kidneys. The addition of Zinc to the Biolasol composition at a dose of 1 µg/L showed minor effectiveness in the protection of nephrons [59].…”

“…The kidneys were harvested according to the procedures described in our previous work [48]. The harvested organs were prepared on the "side table".…”

Biochemical Studies in Perfundates and Homogenates of Isolated Porcine Kidneys after Flushing with Zinc or Zinc–Prolactin Modified Preservation Solution Using a Static Cold Storage Technique

“…The kidneys were collected according to the previously described procedure [ 52 ]. The grafts were randomly assigned to 4 groups and preserved by static cold storage.…”

“…Then, the biochemical markers of renal function were determined. Diagnostic tests were applied, allowing for indirect assessment of renal function [ 10 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. The graft samples for biochemical analysis in kidney homogenates were collected after 48 h 30 min.…”