Therapeutic potential of stilbenes in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders: A comprehensive review of preclinical and clinical evidence

Abstract

Neuropsychiatric disorders are anticipated to be a leading health concern in the near future, emphasizing an outstanding need for the development of new effective therapeutics to treat them. Stilbenes, with resveratrol attracting the most attention, are an example of multi‐target compounds with promising therapeutic potential for a broad array of neuropsychiatric and neurological conditions. This review is a comprehensive summary of the current state of research on stilbenes in several neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative disorders. We describe and discuss the results of both in vitro and in vivo studies. The majority of studies concentrate on resveratrol, with limited findings exploring other stilbenes such as pterostilbene, piceatannol, polydatin, tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside, or synthetic resveratrol derivatives. Overall, although extensive preclinical studies show the potential benefits of stilbenes in various central nervous system disorders, clinical evidence on their therapeutic efficacy is largely missing.

Resveratrol Activates Antioxidant Protective Mechanisms in Cellular Models of Alzheimer’s Disease Inflammation

“…These studies would reveal subcellular targets in microglia and other brain cells. Despite its low bioavailability in vivo, resveratrol induces undoubted brain benefits, as demonstrated by a large number of preclinical and clinical studies for AD [4,15,100].…”

“…These studies would reveal subcellular targets in microglia and other brain cells. Despite its low bioavailability in vivo, resveratrol induces undoubted brain benefits, as demonstrated by a large number of preclinical and clinical studies for AD [4,15,100]. Promising results in enhancing stability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of resveratrol in in vitro and in vivo cancer studies were recently critically reviewed [96].…”

A Decade of Dedication: Pioneering Perspectives on Neurological Diseases and Mental Illnesses

“…By conducting studies in vitro and in vivo, researchers gather valuable data that would be impractical to obtain directly from humans [33][34][35][36][37][38]. These preclinical findings, combined with ongoing clinical studies, help us better understand the behavioral aspects of neuropsychiatric disorders [39][40][41]. Computational and inferential methods also contribute to new approaches to treating neurological and psychiatric disorders by helping to unravel the underlying pathology [42][43][44][45][46][47][48].…”