Therapeutic prospects of endophytic Bacillus species from Berberis lycium against oxidative stress and microbial pathogens

Abstract

Endophytes are microorganisms residing within plant tissues. Bacterial endophytes are important sources for production of pharmaceutically important metabolites. Berberis lycium is an important medicinal plant and there exist no report regarding isolation and determination of bioactive potential of its bacterial endophytes. Therefore the present study was aimed to isolate and identify bacterial endophytes from Berberis lycium. The study resulted in isolation of 20 strains of bacterial endophytes. Based on their antibacterial activity three strains were identified as Bacillus cereus (LBL6), Bacillus thuringiensis (SBL3) and Bacillus anthracis (SBL4) on basis of 16SrRNA gene using universal primers. Crude ethyl acetate extracts of LBL6, SBL3 and SBL4 were further evaluated for antioxidant and antifungal activities. Moderate antioxidant activity (56 %) at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL was observed for LBL6 followed by 45 and 43 % activity by SBL4 and SBL3 respectively. Significant antifungal activity was observed against Aspergillus niger (60 %) and Aspergillus flavus (56 %) at concentration of 4 mg/mL of SBL3 and SBL4 respectively. GCMS analysis of extract (LBL6) exhibited presence of 12 bioactive secondary metabolites corresponding to antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, antitumor and anticancer activities . In conclusion, present study highlighted the importance of Berberis lycium to host diverse bacterial endophytes of pharmaceutical importance.

Antioxidant activity of various solvent extracts from endophytic bacteria isolated from girang (Leea indica) leaves

“…produced antioxidant activity. Bacillus isolated from Berberis lycium produced antioxidant activity (Nisa et al 2022).…”

An updated view of bacterial endophytes as antimicrobial agents against plant and human pathogens

“…citri, Ralstonia solanacearum, E. coli Antimicrobial, antifungal Singh et al, 2017 ; Bolivar-Anillo et al, 2021 ; Numan et al, 2022 Streptomyces hygroscopicus Valinomycin Vibrio cholerae Antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal Golinska et al, 2015 B. subtilis Subtilin Antibacterial Singh et al, 2017 Streptomyces sp. Pentalenolactone, geosmin, β-unsaturated ketone, 2-methylisoborneol, albaflavenone Multi-drug resistant bacteria Antibacterial Takahashi et al, 1983 ; Lin and Cane, 2009 Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus licheniformis Alkaloids (inosine and guanosine), oocydin, pseudomycins, ambuic acid Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Apergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Listeria monocytogenes Antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant activities Liu et al, 2015 ; Nisa et al, 2022 Streptomyces xiamenensis, Bacillus sp., Bacillus cereus subsp. thuringiensis cyclo-(L-pro-D-tyr) Enterococcus raffinosus, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.…”

“…thuringiensis cyclo-(L-pro-D-tyr) Enterococcus raffinosus, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, Ralstonia solanacearum antimicrobial activities, anti-cytotoxicity Kumar et al, 2013 ; Qian et al, 2018 ; Al -Hosni et al, 2020 Bacillus cereus β-sitosterol acetate, 2-Piperidinone, N-(4-Bromo-N-Butyl)-, Cholest 5-en-3-ol- 3-beta acetate, Phthalic acid, Dimethyl phthalate, Tricosanal Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus spizizenii, Salmonella typhimurium and Klebsiella pneumoniae Anti-cancer, anti-fungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory Nisa et al, 2022 ; …”

The limitless endophytes: their role as antifungal agents against top priority pathogens

“…Three Bacillus strains, B. cereus (LBL6), B. thuringiensis (SBL3) and B. anthracis (SBL4) were isolated from Berberis lyceum, and their ethyl acetate extract displayed activity against A. niger and A. flavus [15]. Bacterial endophytes colonizing the same biological niche with fungi possibly produce metabolites to antagonize and hinder their growth.…”