Therapeutic Ureteral Occlusion with n-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Glue and an AMPLATZER Plug Scaffold

Urinary Tract Fistulas: Transrenal Reversible Ureteral Occlusion With Detachable Semicompliant Balloons

“…Since 2009, several groups have used the Amplatzer vascular plugs for successful permanent ureteral occlusion. [8][9][10] There are only few reports available about nonpermanent ureteral occlusion in patients. Ureteral occlusions with detachable latex balloons filled with silicone were performed in 7 patients in 1982.…”

Bilateral transrenal ureteral occlusion by means of n-butyl cyanoacrylate and AMPLATZER vascular plug

“…Such techniques include placement of Gianturco coils (with or without Gelfoam pledget), percutaneous clips, balloons (non-detachable and detachable), electrocautery, tissue adhesive, and silicone occluding devices. [134]…”

“…We did not use tissue adhesive because of the possibility of dissolution and recanalization. [1345] We also decided against using electrocautery and silicone occluding devices because we had no experience with them. To the best of our knowledge, there has been only one large study to date proving that silicone-filled detachable balloons are superior to tissue adhesive and coils, even though the main disadvantage of balloons was mainly related to dislocation.…”

“…Accordingly, we preferred to make the AMPLATZER impermeable by injecting small amounts of NBCA into its mesh. In agreement with Shabrang et al .,[3] we chose NBCA as the embolic material, given its well-known immediate and stable adhesive properties being independent of the clotting cascade. [9]…”

Durable Plug and Onyx Occlusion of a Refractory Bile Leak

“…Schild et al (4) wrapped an AMPLATZER Vascular Plug II in a latex fingerstall and used the modified device to occlude a ureter. Shabrang et al (5) solved the problem by injecting NBCA into an AMPLATZER Plug II that had been deployed within the ureter. Under relatively high flow, such as in the cervical internal carotid artery, endogenous coagulation may not be sufficient to occlude the AMPLATZER device.…”