“…Among some of these properties, it is worth mentioning that: i-cruzipain is expressed in all developmental stages and strains of the parasite 10 ; ii-it is accumulated in the lysosomes, it is secreted and also present at surface level, being able to hydrolyze immunoglobulins 11 ; iii-it plays an important role in the process of internalization within mammalian cells 12 ; and iv-it is highly immunogenic in natural infection. 13 Recent improvements to DNA vaccines and the potential and flexibility of DNA as a potent immunization strategy for inducing both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, make them an ideal therapeutic approach for treating or eliminating chronic disease, as it was shown in multiple sclerosis, 14 human papillomavirus, 15,16 hepatitis B 17 , human immunodeficiency virus, 18,19 simian immunodeficiency virus, 20 Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 21 Leishmania spp., 22,23 Schistosoma mansoni, 24 as well as against T. cruzi. 25,26 We have previously reported the efficacy of attenuated Salmonella enterica (S) carrying plasmid encoding cruzipain (SCz) to protect against T. cruzi infection.…”