Therapeutic Vaccines for Gastrointestinal Malignancies

Bonala, Sabeera; Tatireddygari, Venkat R. Arva; Vadde, Ramakrishna

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-6487-1_8

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 182 publications

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“…The immunotherapies discussed so far is targeting TAAs that are overexpressed in the CRCME. Most TAAs targeted in CRC include CEA, EGFR, VEGFR1/2, survivin, mucin-1 (MUC-1), melanoma antigen gene (MAGE), Wilms tumor antigen-1 (WT1), transmembrane-4 superfamily member-5 protein (TM4SF5), mitotic centromereassociated kinesin (MCAK), ring-finger protein-43 (RNF43), translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane-34 (TOMM34), squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells-3 (SART3), insulin-like growth factor II m-RNA-binding protein-3 (IMP3), kinase of the outer chloroplast membrane-1 (KOC1), 5T4, guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C), and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) (44,(147)(148)(149)(150)(151)(152)(153)(154)(155)(156)(157)(158)(159)(160).…”

Section: Cancer Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancers: Where Do We Stand?

Lan

Huang

et al. 2021

Front. Oncol.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in the world. Immunotherapy using monoclonal antibodies, immune-checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy, and cancer vaccines has raised great hopes for treating poor prognosis metastatic CRCs that are resistant to the conventional therapies. However, high inter-tumor and intra-tumor heterogeneity hinder the success of immunotherapy in CRC. Patients with a similar tumor phenotype respond differently to the same immunotherapy regimen. Mutation-based classification, molecular subtyping, and immunoscoring of CRCs facilitated the multi-aspect grouping of CRC patients and improved immunotherapy. Personalized immunotherapy using tumor-specific neoantigens provides the opportunity to consider each patient as an independent group deserving of individualized immunotherapy. In the recent decade, the development of sequencing and multi-omics techniques has helped us classify patients more precisely. The expansion of such advanced techniques along with the neoantigen-based immunotherapy could herald a new era in treating heterogeneous tumors such as CRC. In this review article, we provided the latest findings in immunotherapy of CRC. We elaborated on the heterogeneity of CRC patients as a bottleneck of CRC immunotherapy and reviewed the latest advances in personalized immunotherapy to overcome CRC heterogeneity.

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