Therapy outcome measures in temporomandibular disorder: a scoping review

Abstract

ObjectivesTherapy outcome measures (TOMs) in temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) have not been systematically evaluated. We systematically explored the main TOM assessment methods for TMD TOMs used in previous studies.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesAccording to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Review reporting guidelines, we systematically searched five key databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Epistemonikos and ClinicalTrials) and thoroughly scanned relevant grey literature using Medical Subject Headings, Emtree and index terms.Eligibility criteriaWe considered primary research papers published from January 2010 to December 2020 that included patients with TMD aged ≥18 years, diagnosed according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders.Data extraction and synthesisFour reviewers extracted general information and information on study design and setting, target, interventions, and outcome type.ResultsOne hundred and seventy-two of the 3726 screened articles (3704 by search engines and 22 manually) were included. The TOMs analysed included pain (n=161 articles), maximal mouth opening (MMO) (91), jaw function (32), jaw movement (26), joint sound (16), quality of life (QOL) (15), depression/anxiety (14), oral QOL (10) or others (30). Evaluation periods were <4 weeks (111), <8 weeks (62), <12 weeks (59), >12 weeks (75) or ‘not mentioned’ (12). Pain outcomes (229) included general pain (115), tenderness (45), pain during functioning (44), resting pain (16) and others (8). Pain outcome evaluation methods included Visual Analogue Scale (VAS; 121), Numerical Rating Scale (21) and other methods (21). Pain outcome indicators were binary (10) or continuous (158); only five studies reported the least significant difference in treatment efficacy. MMO evaluation using painless methods (19) and jaw function evaluation using methods assessing mandibular movement range (23) were the most frequent.ConclusionsTMD TOMs are diverse; the major outcomes were pain, MMO, jaw function and jaw movement. Most pain outcomes are evaluated by VAS Score changes.

Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin (I-PRF) Administered to Temporomandibular Joint Cavities: A Scoping Review

“…Each of the groups that received a different substance (including placebo or lavage fluid) was treated as a control. In the domain of articular pain, values were taken from the visual analog scale (VAS) by default, and in the absence of this data, a numeric rating scale (NRS) or any other pain rating scale [43]. In the case of pain assessments in various situations, the one closest to physiological mobility, i.e., chewing, was selected.…”

Temporomandibular joint and complications in the dental implant: a systematic review

“…Surgical procedures in the oral cavity and maxillofacial complex are diverse and involve multiple tissues exclusive to this region, such as the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) [1]. These procedures are used to remove pathologies and infections, restore function, optimize occlusal relationships, prosthetically replace teeth and temporomandibular joints, improve esthetics, and increase the dimensions of the upper respiratory tract [2].…”

“…In this context, the failure of conservative treatment of TMJ is one of the main problems [1]. The TMJ is the only mobile joint in the skull, allowing rotation and translation movements, this is due to its double articulation next to the condyle and its condylar cavity [1,2].…”

“…In this context, the failure of conservative treatment of TMJ is one of the main problems [1]. The TMJ is the only mobile joint in the skull, allowing rotation and translation movements, this is due to its double articulation next to the condyle and its condylar cavity [1,2]. For all this gear to work efficiently, occlusion, joint, musculature, ligaments, and psychological factors must be in complete harmony [1][2][3].…”

“…The TMJ is the only mobile joint in the skull, allowing rotation and translation movements, this is due to its double articulation next to the condyle and its condylar cavity [1,2]. For all this gear to work efficiently, occlusion, joint, musculature, ligaments, and psychological factors must be in complete harmony [1][2][3]. As a corollary of this, the TMJ can be affected by arthritic disease, trauma, and hookworms -Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) [4,5].…”