Thermal Analysis

Murphy, C. B.

doi:10.1021/ac60211a029

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…In analogy to simple cases in homogeneous reaction kinetics, we express the conversion function by fCC) = (n + 1)(1-c)n (3) where n is defined as the order or reaction. n + 1 is the normalization factor for the isothermal cases such that (n + 1) f (dCI kdt) de = 1. n is equal in value to n and included only in the calculated curves so that they will exhibit maximum thermogravimetric rates at approximately the same temperature.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6] of residual fraction or thermogravimetric rate versus temperature have been the traditional methods of representing thermogravimetric data. It is surprising that plots of the rate as a function of degree of conversion (dC/dT versus C) have not been utilized as similar presentation has been found to be quite informative in isothermal studies, e.g., figure 1.…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Rate Versus Conversion Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rmogravim etri c analysi s is used widely as a me thod to inves tigate th e th e rmal deco mposi· tion of polymers and to assess their rela tive th ermal s tabiliti es [1,2,3,4].1 Also, consider abl e attention has been direc ted r ecently toward the exploita ti on of th ermogravim e tri c da ta for th e determination of kineti c parameters. A numb er of th ese me thods will be di sc ussed late r in thi s paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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General treatment of the thermogravimetry of polymers

Flynn

Wall

1966

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN. SECT. A.

1,902

779

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(Au gus t 1] , 1966)Theoreti ca l equ a ti o ns ar e de ve lo pe d for typi cal decompositions of polyme rs including th ose in whi c h the vola tilization does not folJ ow a simpl e "re action orde r" a nd those made up of a composite of seve ral reac tions of diffe rin g e ne rgies of ac tivation. The e ffects of orde r, activation ene rgy, heatin g ra te and te mpe ra ture de pe nd e nce upon th e calc ulated th ermogram s is illu strated. The lite rature on th ermogravim e tri c kine ti cs is c riti cally re vi ewed and coalesced into a logi cal and cohere nt de velopme nt stressin g the inte rrelation of me th ods a nd e mplo yin g a co ns iste nt sys te m of nota tion . As a res ult , a nu mbe r of impro ved me th ods and ne w me thod s for the a nalys is of kineti c data a ppli ca ble to th e co mpl e x sys te ms me nti oned a bove are developed . It is co nc lu de d th at me thods involvin g a va riabl e rate of hea tin g or invo lving seve ra l the rm ogra vime tri c traces at d iffe re nt ra tes of hea tin g a re capa bl e of es tabli s hing th e unique ness of kine ti c pa ra me te rs. A ne w me th od of de te rminjn g init ial pa ra me te rs from rate·conve rs ion data is de veloped . A novel co nce pt is e mpl oyed of programmin g reac ti on va ri a bles (i n thi s case, th e heatin g ra te) in a ma nne r whi c h great ly simplifies th e mathe mati cs of the kin e ti c s'ys te m and whic h shows pro mise of a wide ra nge of a pp lj ca bilit y in th e area of rate processes. Ke y Word s : Degrad a tion, no ni sothe rm al kine ti cs, polyme rs, pyrolys is, th e rm a l deco mp os iti o n, th e rmogra vim e try, th e rm olys is, sta bilit y of po lyme rs.

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Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermogravimetric Rate Versus Conversion Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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General treatment of the thermogravimetry of polymers

Flynn

Wall

1966

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN. SECT. A.

1,902

779

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“…yHE evaluation of the thermal properties of materials by differential thermal analysis (DTA) has been the subject of intensive investigations since the advent of commercially available equipment (Murphy, 1964(Murphy, , 1966. There have been many studies on the thermal properties of high molecular weight polymers, but relatively few specifically on rubber.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity in Rubber by Differential Thermal Analysis

May¹,

Bsharah²,

Merrifield³

1968

I&EC Product Research and Development

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A technique has been developed for evaluating the activity of antioxidants in rubber samples using a differential thermal analyzer. Results were obtained at 300 p.s.i. and atmospheric pressure, the former being apparently more significant than the latter. Evaluations were carried out on eight rubber samples which contained either an antioxidant of the phosphite, amine, or phenol type or no antioxidant. The activation energies and reaction orders were also estimated for the oxidation under 300 p.s.i. oxygen. Techniques used in this work evaluate only the free radical trapping ability of the antioxidant and are not effective for peroxide scavenging-type antioxidants. Oxidation of rubber at high temperatures proceeds by several paths simultaneously.

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“…For that purpose several very good reviews are available. Three of the most recent are by Murphy (14), Wendlandt (75), and Garn (9). The quarterly publication, Thermal Analysis Review (75), is also an excellent source.…”

Section: Theodoretovrogmentioning

confidence: 99%