Thermal analysis and management of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks for automotive vehicle

Modeling and thermal management of proton exchange membrane fuel cell for fuel cell/battery hybrid automotive vehicle

“…7 presents the changes in stack temperature under different inlet cooling water temperatures. It can be found that under a water flow of 2kg/s, the stack temperature changes the fastest, the respond time is shorter [48]. The temperature drop at the water flow rate of 2kg/s is 9.6K, which is 3.56 times that of 0.2kg/s.…”

“…The PEMFC stack model was validated against experimental results [47]. More details of the methodology and experimental validation were provided in [48]. PEMFC stack model takes air inlet temperature Tin, operating temperature Tst and current density IFCS_dem etc.…”

“…The target stack temperature is set to be 350K. As discussed, and suggested in [48], the inlet cooling water temperature is constant; the cooling water flow rate will be regulated.…”

A review of physics-based low-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cell models for system-level water and thermal management studies

“…Some authors multiply equation 6 by a tuning factor [35,40] or fit its different parameters to their own experimental data [41,45,63]. Mann et al [75] proposed some correction terms to equation 6 that are adopted by several works [18,27,42,54,60,65,66,68]. Other less commonly used parametrizations are the one proposed by Amphlett et al [73] and used by [21,30], defined as:…”

Simulations and analysis of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell and its cooling system to power an automotive vehicle

“…The temperature difference between the inlet and outlet cooling oil is suggested to be less than 8K, and the maximum operating temperature is 453K [41]. Regulations of inlet cooling oil temperature and cooling oil flow rate is suggested to maintain the internal thermal balance of the HT-PEMFC [42]. Considering that the pump power consumption increases when the flow rate is too large, so the flow rate is controlled below 5kg/s.…”