Thermal and electrical transport in metals and superconductors across antiferromagnetic and topological quantum transitions

Chatterjee, Shubhayu; Sachdev, Subir; Eberlein, Andreas

doi:10.1103/physrevb.96.075103

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…1) of phases where the electron fractionalizes into an electrically charged gapless fermionic chargon and a gapped charge-neutral spin-carrying spinon [3]. Such a phase of matter has topological order [4], and has been previously discussed in the context of the pseudogap metal [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Indeed, model calculations of the longitudinal conductivities and the electrical Hall conductivity in these fractionalized phases [5] are consistent with experimental observations in the metallic phases of several cuprates.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Thermal Hall effect in square-lattice spin liquids: A Schwinger boson mean-field study

et al. 2019

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Motivated by recent transport measurements in high-Tc cuprate superconductors in a magnetic field, we study the thermal Hall conductivity in materials with topological order, focusing on the contribution from neutral spinons. Specifically, different Schwinger boson mean-field ansätze for the Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the square lattice are analyzed. We allow for both Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions, and additional terms associated with scalar spin chiralities that break timereversal and reflection symmetries, but preserve their product. It is shown that these scalar spin chiralities, which can either arise spontaneously or are induced by the orbital coupling of the magnetic field, can lead to spinon bands with nontrivial Chern numbers and significantly enhanced thermal Hall conductivity. Associated states with zero-temperature magnetic order, which is thermally fluctuating at any T > 0, also show a similarly enhanced thermal Hall conductivity. arXiv:1812.08792v2 [cond-mat.str-el]

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Thermal Hall effect in square-lattice spin liquids: A Schwinger boson mean-field study

et al. 2019

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“…Of course, it can be reconciled with the theory by assuming a suitable doping-dependent enhancement of the scattering rate below p * . 9,12 A pronounced temperature and doping-dependent inplane anisotropy (nematicity) of the longitudinal conductivities has been observed in YBCO by Ando et al 55 The maximal conductivity ratios σ yy /σ xx observed in these experiments are much larger (up to 2.5) than those obtained in our calculation.…”

Section: Comparison To Experimentssupporting

confidence: 51%

Charge carrier drop at the onset of pseudogap behavior in the two-dimensional Hubbard model

et al. 2020

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We show that antiferromagnetic spin-density wave order in the two-dimensional Hubbard model yields a drop of the charge carrier density as observed in recent transport measurements for cuprate superconductors in high magnetic fields upon entering the pseudogap regime. The amplitude and the (generally incommensurate) wave vector of the spin-density wave is obtained from dynamical meanfield theory (DMFT). An extrapolation of the finite temperature results to zero temperature yields an approximately linear doping dependence of the magnetic gap ∆(p) ∝ p * − p in a broad doping range below the critical doping p * . The magnetic order leads to a Fermi surface reconstruction with electron and hole pockets, where electron pockets exist only in a restricted doping range below p * . DC charge transport properties are computed by combining the renormalized band structure as obtained from the DMFT with a doping-independent phenomenological scattering rate. A pronounced drop of the longitudinal conductivity and the Hall number in a narrow doping range below p * is obtained. arXiv:2002.02786v1 [cond-mat.str-el]

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“…Given the theoretical arguments [3,4], this constitutes direct experimental evidence for the presence of topological order. In the hole-doped cuprates, Hall effect measurements [7] on YBa 2 Cu 3 O y indicate a small Fermi surface at near optimal hole densities without any density wave order, and the doping dependence of the Hall co-efficient fits well a theory of Fermi surface reconstruction by topological order [8,9]. Also in YBa 2 Cu 3 O y , but at lower hole-doping, quantum oscillations have been observed, and are likely in a region where there is translational symmetry breaking due to density wave order [10]; however, the quantum oscillation [11] and specific heat [12] observations indicate the presence of only a single electron pocket, and these are difficult to understand in a model without prior Fermi surface reconstruction [13] (and pseudogap formation) due to topological order.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Topological order, emergent gauge fields, and Fermi surface reconstruction

Sachdev¹

2018

Rep. Prog. Phys.

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This review describes how topological order associated with the presence of emergent gauge fields can reconstruct Fermi surfaces of metals, even in the absence of translational symmetry breaking. We begin with an introduction to topological order using Wegner's quantum [Formula: see text] gauge theory on the square lattice: the topological state is characterized by the expulsion of defects, carrying [Formula: see text] magnetic flux. The interplay between topological order and the breaking of global symmetry is described by the non-zero temperature statistical mechanics of classical XY models in dimension D = 3; such models also describe the zero temperature quantum phases of bosons with short-range interactions on the square lattice at integer filling. The topological state is again characterized by the expulsion of certain defects, in a state with fluctuating symmetry-breaking order, along with the presence of emergent gauge fields. The phase diagrams of the [Formula: see text] gauge theory and the XY models are obtained by embedding them in U(1) gauge theories, and by studying their Higgs and confining phases. These ideas are then applied to the single-band Hubbard model on the square lattice. A SU(2) gauge theory describes the fluctuations of spin-density-wave order, and its phase diagram is presented by analogy to the XY models. We obtain a class of zero temperature metallic states with fluctuating spin-density wave order, topological order associated with defect expulsion, deconfined emergent gauge fields, reconstructed Fermi surfaces (with 'chargon' or electron-like quasiparticles), but no broken symmetry. We conclude with the application of such metallic states to the pseudogap phase of the cuprates, and note the recent comparison with numerical studies of the Hubbard model and photoemission observations of the electron-doped cuprates. In a detour, we also discuss the influence of Berry phases, and how they can lead to deconfined quantum critical points: this applies to bosons on the square lattice at half-integer filling, and to quantum dimer models.

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Thermal and electrical transport in metals and superconductors across antiferromagnetic and topological quantum transitions

Cited by 23 publications

References 68 publications

Thermal Hall effect in square-lattice spin liquids: A Schwinger boson mean-field study

Thermal Hall effect in square-lattice spin liquids: A Schwinger boson mean-field study

Charge carrier drop at the onset of pseudogap behavior in the two-dimensional Hubbard model

Topological order, emergent gauge fields, and Fermi surface reconstruction

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