Thermal and environmental analyses of epoxy-based composites

Murugan, S.; Thyla, P. R.; Mahendrakumar, N.; ManojKumar, K.; Siddarth, A.

doi:10.1007/s13726-020-00876-8

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It strongly depends on the density of samples. Voids, cracks, and interfacial defects can negatively affect thermal conductivity, causing poorer thermal transport through the material. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditional epoxy resins have been ineffective as modern radome materials. Under cured conditions, they have higher dielectric properties and moisture absorption and lower service temperature. − However, epoxies can reduce the inherent brittleness found in cured CE systems, but a higher concentration of epoxy groups can damage triazine rings, affecting cross-linking density and thermal stability of the cured end-product . So in this study, a blend of cyanate ester and epoxy was used as the matrix system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Environmentally Conditioned Quartz–Cyanate Ester Composites for Radome Applications

Chivukula

Reddy

Adusumalli

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Because quartz–cyanate ester (QCE) composites are employed to fabricate missile and aircraft radomes, retaining their structural and electromagnetic (EM) integrity after prolonged exposure to environmental stresses is essential for long-term deployment as radar protectors. Therefore, in this study, QCE composite samples were subjected to environmental conditioning tests, namely, transient temperature (transition from −67 to 145 °C), high-temperature storage (cycling between 35 and 85 °C), thermal shock (cycling between −55 and 100 °C), fluid contamination (immersion in mineral and turbine oils), and humidity cycles (conditioning at 30 °C and 85% RH), to observe the effect of conditioning on the physical, morphological, thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties of composites. Interfacial damage was observed in all the conditioned samples. Samples after fluid immersion test were found to have the highest deviation in properties compared to unconditioned ones. Fluid diffusion led to higher surface crack width, lower impact damaged area, and higher EM energy dissipation (higher dielectric loss tangent). High-temperature storage tested samples had the highest surface crack intensity, while humidity cycles caused matrix plasticization, resulting in lower density and thermal conductivity values. A high degree of postcuring in thermally shocked samples resulted in brittleness of cyanate ester, leading to an increase in density and impact damaged area. Although a slight degree of damage is reported, the change in QCE composite properties postconditioning is not significant enough to prevent its application as uncoated radome materials, except for rain erosion at 150 m/s.

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“…It strongly depends on the density of samples. Voids, cracks, and interfacial defects can negatively affect thermal conductivity, causing poorer thermal transport through the material. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Environmentally Conditioned Quartz–Cyanate Ester Composites for Radome Applications

Chivukula

Reddy

Adusumalli

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…This section discusses the research investigation on static analysis of different machine tool structures and it is presented in Table 1. [ 52–81 ]…”

Section: Static Analysis Of Machine Tool Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on epoxy granite reinforced polymer composites in machine tool structures – Static, dynamic and thermal characteristics

2023

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Machine tool structures produced with Epoxy Granite reinforced polymer composites (EGPCs) have gained prominence in recent years and have replaced conventional cast iron materials and other metals due to its remarkable damping characteristics. However, machine tool structures manufactured with EGPCs tends to exhibit limited strength, stiffness and stability. Such challenges in EGPCs are resolved by incorporation of steel as additional reinforcement and enhanced mechanical properties are observed in these hybrid machine‐tool structures. Hybrid epoxy granite machine tool structures with enhanced mechanical performance are prone to thermal errors resulting in machining inaccuracies and limited performance. Thermal errors induced in machine tool structures could be attributed due to effect of temperature distribution and displacements at the Tool Center Point (TCP). This review work carried out focuses predominantly on design methods adopted in resolving the challenges identified in development of machine tool structures and further analyses results of several polymer concrete‐based machine tool structures with regard to static, dynamic and thermal characteristics. Several review works conducted earlier have discussed the results of static and dynamic characteristics, whereas this review work provides additional information on thermal based errors induced and discusses the methods adopted in compensation of thermal errors. In this review paper, research studies pertaining to static and dynamic characteristics of different machine tool structures performed in last three decades have been discussed and a wholistic information is provided in relation with static, dynamic and thermal characteristics and properties toward developing a machine tool structure with a novel, newer class or alternative materials.

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“…It emphasises optimisation through design and not through many experiments and introduces the influence of uncontrollable factors into the experimental design [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. The Taguchi method combines orthogonal experiments and analysis of variance (ANOVA) [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ] to determine the best combination of controllable factors to reduce the impact of uncontrollable factors on system quality fluctuations. Furthermore, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method is an interdisciplinary evaluation and prediction approach [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Objective Optimisation of Curing Cycle of Thick Aramid Fibre/Epoxy Composite Laminates

et al. 2021

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Aramid fibre-reinforced epoxy composites (AF/EP) are promising materials in the aerospace, transportation, and civil fields owing to their high strength, high modulus, and light weight. Thick composite laminates are gradually being applied to large composite structures such as wind turbine blades. During curing, temperature overheating is a common problem in thick composites, which leads to matrix degradation, thermal residual stresses, and uneven curing. This paper proposes a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method to optimise the curing cycle of thick AF/EP laminates and reduce the overheating temperature. During curing, the temperature and strain evolution in a thick AF/EP laminate were monitored using fibre Bragg grating sensors. The effects of the curing factors on the overheating temperature of the thick AF/EP laminate were evaluated using the Taguchi method and predicted via the SNR method and analysis of variance. The results indicate that the dwelling temperature is the main factor affecting the overheating temperature. The optimal curing cycle involves an overheating temperature of 192.72 °C, which constitutes an error of 2.58% compared to the SNR method predictions. Additionally, in comparison to the initial curing cycle, the overshoot temperature in the optimised curing cycle was reduced by 58.48 °C, representing a reduction ratio of 23.28%.

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Thermal and environmental analyses of epoxy-based composites

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Characterization of Environmentally Conditioned Quartz–Cyanate Ester Composites for Radome Applications

Characterization of Environmentally Conditioned Quartz–Cyanate Ester Composites for Radome Applications

A review on epoxy granite reinforced polymer composites in machine tool structures – Static, dynamic and thermal characteristics

Multi-Objective Optimisation of Curing Cycle of Thick Aramid Fibre/Epoxy Composite Laminates

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