Thermal and flammability study of polystyrene composites containing magnesium–aluminum layered double hydroxide (MgAl–C16 LDH), and an organophosphate

Abstract

The flame retardancy and thermal stability of polystyrene compounded with Bis(2,4-dicumylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphate (DPP) and or a palmitate containing magnesium aluminum LDH (MgAl-C16 LDH) were investigated via thermogravimetric analysis, cone calorimetry, and pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry. Cone calorimetry and thermogravimetry measurements revealed that the addition of 5 and 10 mass% of MgAl-C16 LDH to PS resulted in substantial reduction in peak heat release rate (PHRR) (47 and 61 %, respectively) of the polymer and minimal improvements in thermal stability (5 and 2°C, respectively, for the temperature at which 50 % mass loss occurs, DT 50 ). On the other hand, there was insignificant reduction in PHRR for composites containing DPP at loadings of 5 mass%, while loadings of 10 mass% resulted in a relatively low reduction of 22 %. This difference was attributed to the more compact residue formed by the LDH systems during cone calorimetry analysis. There was substantial improvements in the thermal stability of PS compounded with 10 mass% of DPP with DT 50 being 21°C. The combination of DPP and LDH resulted in a negative effect on the flammability performance of the LDH; thus, we did not observe any synergism between the LDH and DPP. Results from micro-scale combustion calorimetry did not correlate with results from cone calorimetry.

Effect of Na- and Organo-Modified Montmorillonite/Essential Oil Nanohybrids on the Kinetics of the In Situ Radical Polymerization of Styrene

“…Mono substituted benzene are obtained at δ(C-H)ar 756 cm −1 and γring 698 cm −1 . All these values are in accordance to corresponding literature data [41,42].…”

Sonication-assisted synthesis of polystyrene (PS)/organoclay nanocomposites: influence of clay content

“…They reported that the flame retardancy was improved by 50.6% for PS/Mg-Al LDH 5% composition. Enhanced thermal and flammability properties for the PS/LDH composites have also been conveyed by other researchers (Majoni 2015;Tai et al 2011). Adopting in situ thermal polymerization, Yeh et al (2004) prepared a series of PS/clay composites and inferred improved anticorrosive and thermal characteristics of the nanocomposites.…”

Investigation of γ-(2,3-Epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxy Silane Surface Modified Layered Double Hydroxides Improving UV Ageing Resistance of Asphalt

“…Hence, the reinforcing effect of these methods on the compatibility between LDHs and asphalt is limited. Silane coupling agents, often used to bridge organic and inorganic materials [ 21 , 22 ], have been employed to modify the organic surface of LDHs in some studies, and show effectiveness in improving the compatibility between LDHs and organics (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, and epoxide resin) [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Based on this, silane coupling agents could be excellent modifiers to improve the dispersibility and stability of LDHs in hydrophobic asphalt matrix, and it has been reported in our previous studies that triethoxyvinylsilane (TEVS) surface organic LDHs could effectively improve the physical performances (penetration, softening point, ductility, etc.)…”