Thermal and physicochemical technologies used in hospital incineration fly ash utilization before landfill in Poland

Sobiecka, Elżbieta

doi:10.1002/jctb.4835

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Waste of vinyl panels was treated in terms of secondary raw material, which, in the light of the circular economy, may constitute potential energy or chemical resource. To a large extent, the circular economy in waste management is currently focused on resource recovery, rational management of non-renewable resources, and prevention of negative environmental impact [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Chemical Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Pyrolysis and Combustion Processes of Vinyl Floor Panels Using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG-FTIR) in Terms of the Circular Economy

Kajda-Szcześniak

Czop

2022

Energies

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The article analyzes the thermal degradation in the inert and oxidative atmosphere of waste vinyl panels, the main component of which is PVC. Both pyrolysis and incineration of plastic waste are difficult, complex and multifaceted processes due to several physical and chemical phenomena occurring during their performance. The coupled TG-MS (thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry) analysis combined with the Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (TG-FTIR) analysis was used to identify the decomposition mechanisms of waste vinyl panels. Thermogravimetric tests were carried out for two heating rates of 5 and 20 K/min in the temperature range of 40–1000 °C, mass losses were determined, and products resulting from thermal degradation were identified. It was found that the individual components decompose at different temperatures depending on the heating rate and the choice of an inert or oxidative atmosphere. Vinyl floor panels were treated in terms of secondary raw material, which, in the light of the circular economy, may constitute a potential energy or chemical resource.

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Section: Chemical Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Pyrolysis and Combustion Processes of Vinyl Floor Panels Using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG-FTIR) in Terms of the Circular Economy

Kajda-Szcześniak

Czop

2022

Energies

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“…High-efficiency cogeneration of a few to several hundred kWe can be carried out using an internal combustion engine fueled by landfill biogas. The implementation of CHP systems can significantly contribute to low-carbon heat and power generation [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Intelligence Methods for Analysis and Optimization of CHP Cogeneration Units Based on Landfill Biogas as a Progress in Improving Energy Efficiency and Limiting Climate Change

Gaska,

Generowicz,

Gronba-Chyła

et al. 2023

Energies

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Combined heat and power generation is the simultaneous conversion of primary energy (in the form of fuel) in a technical system into useful thermal and mechanical energy (as the basis for the generation of electricity). This method of energy conversion offers a high degree of efficiency (i.e., very efficient conversion of fuel to useful energy). In the context of energy system transformation, combined heat and power (CHP) is a fundamental pillar and link between the volatile electricity market and the heat market, which enables better planning. This article presents an advanced model for the production of fuel mixtures based on landfill biogas in the context of energy use in CHP units. The search for optimal technological solutions in energy management requires specialized domain-specific knowledge which, using advanced algorithmic models, has the potential to become an essential element in real-time intelligent ICT systems. Numerical modeling makes it possible to build systems based on the knowledge of complex systems, processes, and equipment in a relatively short time. The focus was on analyzing the applicability of algorithmic models based on artificial intelligence implemented in the supervisory control systems (SCADA-type systems including Virtual SCADA) of technological processes in waste management systems. The novelty of the presented solution is the application of predictive diagnostic tools based on multithreaded polymorphic models, supporting making decisions that control complex technological processes and objects and solving the problem of optimal control for intelligent dynamic objects with a logical representation of knowledge about the process, the control object, and the control, for which the learning process consists of successive validation and updating of knowledge and using the results of this updating to determine control decisions.

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“…In 1997, annual demand for PGMs in this sector reached level of 120 000kg (52 000kg for platinum, 65 000 kg of palladium and 1000kg of rhodium) [10]. Nowadays, we can talk about the demand for PGMs in this sector of about 422 700 kg (90 600kg for platinum, 301 000 kg for palladium and 31 000 kg for rhodium) (data for 2019) [11]. Spent catalysts from cars have about 1kg of PGMs per 1000 kg of catalyst [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Recovery of PGMS from Catalysts – A Case Study of Recycling Network in Poland

Generowicz

2022

Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment

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Combustion engines are the main driving force of passenger cars, trucks or buses. Engines burn fuels, and as a side effect, release many pollutions to the atmosphere. Car manufacturers had been aware of a need of lowering the amount of exhaust fumes. This brought on the market the first catalytic converters. Nowadays automobile catalyst manufacturing is the largest sector of demand of PGMs (mainly platinum, palladium and rhodium), and unfortunately consumption and future demand of there critical metals is getting higher. Over the past two decades, most countries around the world have developed and implement solutions that would minimize the impact of the growing number of cars on the environment. One solution contributing to this is the organisation of an end-of-life car collection and recycling network, which is now an integral part of automotive industry. The main drivers for the development of such network were stricter environmental regulations and economic conditions. The development of recycling is also becoming more popular in Poland. However, catalyst recycling system is still not transparent to all stakeholders. Due to the huge variety of catalysts and their different structure and composition of elements from the PGMs group, the valuation of their price before they are recycled is not obvious. This raises a lot of controversy and does not inspire trust among those who recycle their catalysts. The aim of this work is to show how the management of used catalytic converters looks like in Poland and how developed is network of catalysts recycling in Poland. At the same time this will show how important it is in terms of a circular economy and the recovery of valuable raw materials from a group of PGMs.

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Thermal and physicochemical technologies used in hospital incineration fly ash utilization before landfill in Poland

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Comparison of Pyrolysis and Combustion Processes of Vinyl Floor Panels Using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG-FTIR) in Terms of the Circular Economy

Comparison of Pyrolysis and Combustion Processes of Vinyl Floor Panels Using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG-FTIR) in Terms of the Circular Economy

Artificial Intelligence Methods for Analysis and Optimization of CHP Cogeneration Units Based on Landfill Biogas as a Progress in Improving Energy Efficiency and Limiting Climate Change

The Importance of Recovery of PGMS from Catalysts – A Case Study of Recycling Network in Poland

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