Thermal Annealing of AlMn Transition Edge Sensors for Optimization in Cosmic Microwave Background Experiments

Westbrook, Benjamin; Prasad, Bhoomija; Raum, Christopher R.; Lee, Adrian T.; Suzuki, Aritoki; Hubmayr, Johannes; Duff, Shannon M.; Link, Micheal J.; Lucas, Tammy J.

doi:10.1007/s10909-024-03130-0

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

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The Simons Observatory: design, fabrication and characterization of low-frequency detectors

Prasad,

Westbrook,

Beckman

et al. 2024

Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy XII

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The Simons Observatory (SO) is a ground-based experiment aiming to enhance our understanding of the early universe, by making detailed measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), across multiple spectral bands ranging from 30 to 280 GHz. The baseline project in the Atacama Desert in Chile, comprises four small-aperture telescopes (SATs) and one large-aperture telescope (LAT), housing a total of 60,000 detectors with angular resolutions ranging from 1-90 arc-minute. The low frequency detector arrays to be deployed in the LAT, feature anti-reflection (AR) coated lenslet-coupled sinuous antennas with a diplexing filter for the 30 and 40 GHz bands centers. Superconducting niobium (Nb) microstrip lines carry the signal for each polarization and band to titanium (Ti) load resistors which in turn heat up palladium (Pd) thermal ballasts and are sensed with transition edge sensors (TESs). The TESs are constructed from aluminum manganese (AlMn) and operate in their superconducting transitions (T c ) with a base temperature of 100mK. The sensors are read out by cryogenic microwave resonators using RF superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) in the microwave multiplexing (uMux) scheme. In these proceedings, we report on the current status of design, fabrication and characterization of the Simons Observatory low frequency detectors fabricated by UC Berekeley. The fabricated detector arrays have an average bolometer yield of 94% and desirable radio frequency (RF) characteristics.

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The Simons Observatory: design, fabrication and characterization of low-frequency detectors

Prasad,

Westbrook,

Beckman

et al. 2024

Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy XII

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Transition Edge Sensors: Physics and Applications

De Lucia,

Dal Bo,

Di Giorgi

et al. 2024

Instruments

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Transition Edge Sensors (TESs) are amongst the most sensitive cryogenic detectors and can be easily optimized for the detection of massive particles or photons ranging from X-rays all the way down to millimetre radiation. Furthermore, TESs exhibit unmatched energy resolution while being easily frequency domain multiplexed in arrays of several hundred pixels. Such great performance, along with rather simple and sturdy readout and amplification chains make TESs extremely compelling for applications in many fields of scientific endeavour. While the first part of this article is an in-depth discussion on the working principles of Transition Edge Sensors, the remainder of this review article focuses on the applications of Transition Edge Sensors in advanced scientific instrumentation serving as an accessible and thorough list of possible starting points for more comprehensive literature research.

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Thermal Annealing of AlMn Transition Edge Sensors for Optimization in Cosmic Microwave Background Experiments

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

The Simons Observatory: design, fabrication and characterization of low-frequency detectors

The Simons Observatory: design, fabrication and characterization of low-frequency detectors

Transition Edge Sensors: Physics and Applications

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