Thermal Behavior of Unconsolidated Oil Sands

Somerton, Wilbur H.; Keese, J.A.; Chu, Shih-Lung

doi:10.2118/4506-pa

Cited by 99 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…For geologic media, the thermal conductivity of the solid phase is frequently anisotropic; therefore the effective thermal conductivity of a multiple-phase geologic-media system is computed as anisotropic. For two-phase systems, the effective thermal conductivity function options are modified DeVries, linear, and Somerton [Somerton et al 1973[Somerton et al ,1974. The DeVries [1966] empirical model for the thermal conductivity uses empirical weighing factors based on the soil according to Equation (4.7.1).…”

Section: Effective Thermal Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

STOMP Subsurface Transport Over Multiple Phases Version 2.0 Theory Guide

White¹,

Oostrom²

2000

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In writing this guide for the STOMP simulator, the authors have assumed that the reader comprehends concepts and theories associated with (multiple-phase) hydrology, heat transfer, thermodynamics, radioactive chain decay, and relative permeability-saturation-capillary pressure constitutive functions. The authors further assume that the reader is familiar with the computing environment on which they plan to compile and execute the STOMP simulator.The STOMP simulator requires an ANSI FORTRAN 77 compiler to generate an executable code. The memory requirements for executing the simulator are dependent on the complexity of physical system to be modeled and the size and dimensionality of the computational domain. Likewise execution speed depends on the problem complexity, size and dimensionality of the computational domain, and computer performance. One-dimensional problems of moderate complexity can be solved on conventional desktop computers, but multidimensional problems involving complex flow and transport phenomena typically require the power and memory capabilities of workstation or mainframe type computer systems.iii iv SummaryThe U. S. Department of Energy, through the Office of Technology Development, has requested the demonstration of remediation technologies for the cleanup of volatile organic compounds and associated radionuclides within the soil and groundwater at arid sites. This demonstration program, called the VOC-Arid Soils Integrated Demonstration Program (Arid-ID), has been initially directed at a volume of unsaturated and saturated soil contaminated with carbon tetrachloride, on the Hanford Site near Richland, Washington. A principal subtask of the Arid-ID program involves the development of an integrated engineering simulator for evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of various remediation technologies. The engineering simulator's intended users include scientists and engineers who are investigating subsurface phenomena associated with remediation technologies. Principal design goals for the engineer simulator include broad applicability, verified algorithms, quality assurance controls, and validated simulations against laboratory and field-scale experiments. An important goal for the simulator development subtask involves the ability to scale laboratory and field-scale experiments to fullscale remediation technologies, and to transfer acquired technology to other arid sites. The STOMP (Subsurface Transport Over Multiple Phases) simulator has been developed by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (a) for modeling remediation technologies. Information on the use, application, and theoretical basis of the STOMP simulator are documented in three companion guide manuals. This manual, the Theory Guide (Version 2.0), provides the most recent theory and discussions on the governing equations, constitutive relations, and numerical solution algorithms for the STOMP simulator.The STOMP simulator's fundamental purpose is to produce numerical predictions of thermal and hydrogeologic flow and trans...

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Section: Effective Thermal Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

STOMP Subsurface Transport Over Multiple Phases Version 2.0 Theory Guide

White¹,

Oostrom²

2000

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“…Gas-phase penneability can depend on pressure through the Klinkenberg [ 1941] Somerton et al [1973Somerton et al [ , 1974 from laboratory experiments (All)…”

Section: Appendix A: Governing Equations and Thermophysical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A similarity solution for two‐phase water, air, and heat flow near a linear heat source in a porous medium

Doughty¹,

Pruess²

1992

J. Geophys. Res.

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Placement of a heat source in a partially saturated geologic medium causes strongly coupled thermal and hydrologic behavior. To study this problem, a recently developed semianalytical solution for two‐phase flow of water and heat in a porous medium has been extended to include an air component and to incorporate several physical effects that broaden its range of applicability. The problem considered is the placement of a constant‐strength linear heat source in an infinite homogeneous medium with uniform initial conditions. Under these conditions the governing partial differential equations in radial distance r and time t reduce to ordinary differential equations through the introduction of a similarity variable η = r/t1/2. The resulting equations are coupled and nonlinear, necessitating a numerical integration. The similarity solution developed here is used to investigate various physical phenomena related to partially saturated flow in low‐permeability rock, such as vapor pressure lowering, pore level phase change effects, and an effective continuum representation of fractured/porous media. Application to several illustrative problems arising in the context of high‐level nuclear waste disposal at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, indicates that fluid flow, phase changes, and latent heat transfer may have a significant impact on conditions at the repository.

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“…In this work, the extension of the model by Somerton (1973) proposed by Moridis et al (2005) is used because it provides better predictions than the commonly used linear model based on the saturationweighted contributions of the phases and rock (see Eq. 7).…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of constant-pressure production characteristics of class 1 methane hydrate reservoirs

Silpngarmlert

Ayala

Ertekin

2012

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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A three-dimensional, compositional, multiphase flow simulator for methane-hydrate reservoirs is developed in this study. It is used to study the production characteristics of class 1 methane-hydrate reservoirs. The effects of well-completion location, well spacing, and production schedule on gas production efficiency are also examined. All simulation studies in this work implement a constant bottom-hole pressure (at 14.7 psia) as a production scheme for exploring maximum production capacity from the reservoir. The simulation study shows that the presence of gas hydrate on top of a conventional gas reservoir can dramatically improve gas productivity. Unlike conventional gas reservoirs, the water production rate of gas-hydrate reservoirs increases with time (when a constant bottom-hole pressure is implemented as a production scheme). Moreover, it shows that moving well-completion location in freegas zone (in relation to the movement of the interface between free-gas and hydrate zones) provides better production performance and the best completion location is in the middle of free gas zone. As expected, the results also show that smaller well spacing yields higher gas production. However, for a particular system used in this work, it does not show substantial improvement of production efficiency. For a multiple-well system, the simulation results indicate that production efficiency can be improved by putting the wells on production at different times.

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Thermal Behavior of Unconsolidated Oil Sands

Cited by 99 publications

References 0 publications

STOMP Subsurface Transport Over Multiple Phases Version 2.0 Theory Guide

STOMP Subsurface Transport Over Multiple Phases Version 2.0 Theory Guide

A similarity solution for two‐phase water, air, and heat flow near a linear heat source in a porous medium

Study of constant-pressure production characteristics of class 1 methane hydrate reservoirs

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