Thermal, chemical, tensile and morphological characterization studies of bamboo fibre extracted from the indian species bambusa bambos

Abstract

Nowadays, the need for biobased materials is inevitable due to the effective implementation of sustainability concepts. Bamboo fibers have great potential to widen their application range due to their low density and high strength properties. Hence, this study investigates the chemical, mechanical, thermal, and morphological characteristics of untreated and alkaline (NaOH) treated bamboo fibers extracted from bambusa bamboo Indian species. Different instrumental methods, such as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), universal tensile testing, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), have been used for the testing of bamboo fiber samples in both conditions. The result of the analysis reveals that the reduction of hemicellulose content was observed between 18.5 and 17.5% in the case of alkali-treated conditions. More importantly, alkali treatment increased the thermal stability due to the exposure of strong cellulose components on the fiber surface. The decreasing aspect ratio after the removal of unwanted layers could be the reason for the improved tensile strength of the treated bamboo fiber. A significant improvement in the crystallinity index (broad band width of the second peak) and thermal resistance was attained in the alkali-treated condition, which is commendable in comparison with some other natural fibers. Based on its performance, chemically treated bamboo fiber can be used to develop structural members in the automobile and construction industries.

Comprehensive characterization of spathe fibres extracted from Cocos nucifera: physical, chemical, mechanical, thermal, and acoustic properties for insulation applications

“…This is due to the evaporation of the moisture and low molecular substances of waxes and fats in both fibres since the measured moisture content in the chemical composition of CS fibre is 8.35%. This is a common decomposition stage noticed in all natural fibres such as cotton, jute, hemp, bamboo, and coir [28]. At the end of stage 2, the weight loss percentages of the untreated and treated were 70% and 65%, respectively.…”

“…The core component of CS fibre cell walls is cellulose, typically in the form of fibrils, which are mainly composed of three elements: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Cellulose contents of untreated CS fibres were found to be 73.13%, on par with bamboo, jute, hemp, sisal, and cotton but lower than coir fibres [28]. Cellulose content influences strength, durability, and thermal stability, making it suitable for heat resistance applications.…”

“…The distance between the two clamps during the test was kept at 50 mm, and the traverse rate was set at 30 mm min −1 . The pneumatic clamps were used to hold the fibre at a pressure of 0.4 MPa [28].…”

Classification and properties of Bambusa blumeana fiber

“…The fibers of different bamboo species have been studied by various scholars. Sethu et al (2023) studied the thermal and chemical properties of a particular bamboo species in India and found that its bamboo fiber can be used as an effective reinforcement unit for the development of polymer-based composites in the automotive and construction industries. Sikam et al (2021) studied the physicochemical and mechanical properties of Bambusa vulgaris (BV) fiber, which is common in Cameroon, and pointed out that BV fiber can be used as a reinforcement material in the textile or construction fields.…”