The main results of two decades of research on self-assembled clusters of microdroplets are reviewed, from the discovery of the phenomenon to current advances that can be applied to solve problems related to the airborne spread of dangerous pathogens and atmospheric pollutants. Special attention is paid to a flexible procedure for generating droplet clusters from a given number of nearly identical droplets of controlled chemical compositions with possible biological inclusions and effective ways of stabilizing the clusters. This is important for chemical and biological research in droplet microreactors. The physical mechanism of self-assembly of droplets in an ascending gas flow over a locally heated liquid layer is described in relation to the main methods of cluster stabilization: by infrared irradiation or by adding soluble but nonevaporating substances to a layer of evaporating liquid. The main module of a modern laboratory setup is presented.